Reducing the Overburden-Related Artifacts in Target-Oriented Least-Squares Migration by Marchenko Double-Focusing

Least-squares reverse time migration (LSRTM) is a common imaging technique that geophysicists have been using to obtain high-resolution images. Nevertheless, the high computational cost shifted the focus of researchers to the target-oriented approach. In this approach, by limiting the computational grid to a relatively smaller region, the computational cost of the LSRTM is significantly reduced. However, without an accurate model of the overburden, which can model all orders of overburden-generated multiples, the image produced by this approach suffers from overburden-related artifacts. Recently, Marchenko double-focusing presented itself as a powerful data-driven tool that can focus the recorded wavefield above the target region and eliminate the effects of the overburden-related multiple reflections. This paper proposes a forward modeling and inversion algorithm based on Marchenko double-focusing for target-oriented LSRTM to produce artifact-free high-resolution images.