TY - JOUR
T1 - Design and optimization of a general planar zero free length spring
AU - Delissen, Arnoud A.T.M.
AU - Radaelli, Giuseppe
AU - Herder, Just L.
N1 - Accepted Author Manuscript
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - A zero free length (ZFL) spring is a spring with special properties, which is commonly used in static balancing. Existing methods to create ZFL springs all have their specific drawbacks, which rises to the need of a new method to create such a spring. A method is proposed to design planar ZFL springs with specified stiffness (250–750 N/m) within a certain range (up to 20 mm of displacement). Geometric non-linearities of a curved leaf spring are exploited by changing its shape. The shape is determined by a non-linear least squares algorithm, minimizing the force residuals from a non-linear numerical analysis. Constraints are introduced to help in preventing the spring from intersecting itself during deformation. For three types of springs with different boundary conditions, designs are found with characteristic shapes and maximum force errors less than 1%. A trend is observed between spring size, maximum stress and desired stiffness. New type of ZFL springs can now be designed, which can not only be used in existing applications, but also enables the use of ZFL springs in micro mechanisms.
AB - A zero free length (ZFL) spring is a spring with special properties, which is commonly used in static balancing. Existing methods to create ZFL springs all have their specific drawbacks, which rises to the need of a new method to create such a spring. A method is proposed to design planar ZFL springs with specified stiffness (250–750 N/m) within a certain range (up to 20 mm of displacement). Geometric non-linearities of a curved leaf spring are exploited by changing its shape. The shape is determined by a non-linear least squares algorithm, minimizing the force residuals from a non-linear numerical analysis. Constraints are introduced to help in preventing the spring from intersecting itself during deformation. For three types of springs with different boundary conditions, designs are found with characteristic shapes and maximum force errors less than 1%. A trend is observed between spring size, maximum stress and desired stiffness. New type of ZFL springs can now be designed, which can not only be used in existing applications, but also enables the use of ZFL springs in micro mechanisms.
KW - Curved flexure
KW - Desired force-displacement
KW - Ideal spring
KW - Null-length spring
KW - Shape optimization
KW - Zero free length spring
UR - http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:61707111-8d78-448d-b502-71a7c66b9887
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85022184231&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2017.07.002
DO - 10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2017.07.002
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85022184231
SN - 0094-114X
VL - 117
SP - 56
EP - 77
JO - Mechanism and Machine Theory
JF - Mechanism and Machine Theory
ER -