TY - JOUR
T1 - Origin of Relaxor Behavior in Barium-Titanate-Based Lead-Free Perovskites
AU - Veerapandiyan, Vignaswaran
AU - Popov, Maxim N.
AU - Mayer, Florian
AU - Spitaler, Jürgen
AU - Svirskas, Sarunas
AU - Kalendra, Vidmantas
AU - Lins, Jonas
AU - Canu, Giovanna
AU - Braga Groszewicz, P.
AU - More Authors, null
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - It is well known that disordered relaxor ferroelectrics exhibit local polar correlations. The origin of localized fields that disrupt long-range polar order for different substitution types, however, is unclear. Currently, it is known that substituents of the same valence as Ti4+ at the B-site of barium titanate lattice produce random disruption of Ti-O-Ti chains that induces relaxor behavior. On the other hand, investigating lattice disruption and relaxor behavior resulting from substituents of different valence at the B-site is more complex due to the simultaneous occurrence of charge imbalances and displacements of the substituent cation. The existence of an effective charge mediated mechanism for relaxor behavior appearing at low (<10%) substituent contents in heterovalent modified barium titanate ceramics is presented in this work. These results will add credits to the current understanding of relaxor behavior in chemically modified ferroelectric materials and also acknowledge the critical role of defects (such as cation vacancies) in lattice disruption, paving the way for chemistry-based materials design in the field of dielectric and energy storage applications.
AB - It is well known that disordered relaxor ferroelectrics exhibit local polar correlations. The origin of localized fields that disrupt long-range polar order for different substitution types, however, is unclear. Currently, it is known that substituents of the same valence as Ti4+ at the B-site of barium titanate lattice produce random disruption of Ti-O-Ti chains that induces relaxor behavior. On the other hand, investigating lattice disruption and relaxor behavior resulting from substituents of different valence at the B-site is more complex due to the simultaneous occurrence of charge imbalances and displacements of the substituent cation. The existence of an effective charge mediated mechanism for relaxor behavior appearing at low (<10%) substituent contents in heterovalent modified barium titanate ceramics is presented in this work. These results will add credits to the current understanding of relaxor behavior in chemically modified ferroelectric materials and also acknowledge the critical role of defects (such as cation vacancies) in lattice disruption, paving the way for chemistry-based materials design in the field of dielectric and energy storage applications.
KW - barium titanate
KW - density functional theory
KW - dielectric spectroscopy
KW - nuclear magnetic resonance
KW - Raman spectroscopy
KW - relaxors
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85118835593&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/aelm.202100812
DO - 10.1002/aelm.202100812
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85118835593
SN - 2199-160X
VL - 8
JO - Advanced Electronic Materials
JF - Advanced Electronic Materials
IS - 2
ER -