A 200-μW Interface for High-Resolution Eddy-Current Displacement Sensors

Matheus Pimenta; Çağri  Gürleyük; Paul Walsh; Daniel  O’Keeffe; Masoud  Babaie; Kofi A.A. Makinwa

doi:10.1109/JSSC.2020.3044027

A 200-μW Interface for High-Resolution Eddy-Current Displacement Sensors

Matheus Pimenta, Çağri Gürleyük, Paul Walsh, Daniel O’Keeffe, Masoud Babaie, Kofi A.A. Makinwa

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

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Abstract

This article presents a low-power eddy-current sensor interface for touch applications. It is based on a bang-bang digital phase-locked loop (DPLL) that converts the displacement of a metal target into digital information. The PLL consists of a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) built around a sensing coil and a capacitive DAC, a comparator-based bang-bang phase/frequency detector (PFD), and a digital loop filter (DLF). The PLL locks the DCO to a reference frequency, making its digital input a direct representation of the sensing coil inductance. To compensate for the coil inductance tolerances, the DCO's center frequency can be trimmed by a second capacitive DAC. This approach obviates the need for a reference coil. When combined with a 5-mm-diameter sensing coil located 500μm from a metal target, the interface achieves a displacement resolution of 6.7 nm (rms) in a 3-kHz bandwidth. It consumes 200μW from a 1.8-V power supply, which represents the best-reported tradeoff between power consumption, bandwidth, and resolution.

Original language	English
Article number	9321530
Pages (from-to)	1036-1045
Number of pages	10
Journal	IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
Volume	56
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2020.3044027
Publication status	Published - 2021

Bibliographical note

Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care
Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.

Keywords

Digitally controlled oscillator (DCO)
displacement
eddy-current sensor interface
low power
phase-locked loop (PLL)

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10.1109/JSSC.2020.3044027

A_200-W_Interface_for_High-Resolution_Eddy-Current_Displacement_SensorsFinal published version, 2.5 MB

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title = "A 200-μW Interface for High-Resolution Eddy-Current Displacement Sensors",

abstract = "This article presents a low-power eddy-current sensor interface for touch applications. It is based on a bang-bang digital phase-locked loop (DPLL) that converts the displacement of a metal target into digital information. The PLL consists of a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) built around a sensing coil and a capacitive DAC, a comparator-based bang-bang phase/frequency detector (PFD), and a digital loop filter (DLF). The PLL locks the DCO to a reference frequency, making its digital input a direct representation of the sensing coil inductance. To compensate for the coil inductance tolerances, the DCO's center frequency can be trimmed by a second capacitive DAC. This approach obviates the need for a reference coil. When combined with a 5-mm-diameter sensing coil located 500μm from a metal target, the interface achieves a displacement resolution of 6.7 nm (rms) in a 3-kHz bandwidth. It consumes 200μW from a 1.8-V power supply, which represents the best-reported tradeoff between power consumption, bandwidth, and resolution.",

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AU - Makinwa, Kofi A.A.

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N2 - This article presents a low-power eddy-current sensor interface for touch applications. It is based on a bang-bang digital phase-locked loop (DPLL) that converts the displacement of a metal target into digital information. The PLL consists of a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) built around a sensing coil and a capacitive DAC, a comparator-based bang-bang phase/frequency detector (PFD), and a digital loop filter (DLF). The PLL locks the DCO to a reference frequency, making its digital input a direct representation of the sensing coil inductance. To compensate for the coil inductance tolerances, the DCO's center frequency can be trimmed by a second capacitive DAC. This approach obviates the need for a reference coil. When combined with a 5-mm-diameter sensing coil located 500μm from a metal target, the interface achieves a displacement resolution of 6.7 nm (rms) in a 3-kHz bandwidth. It consumes 200μW from a 1.8-V power supply, which represents the best-reported tradeoff between power consumption, bandwidth, and resolution.

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A 200-μW Interface for High-Resolution Eddy-Current Displacement Sensors

Abstract

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