TY - JOUR
T1 - A Bluetooth Low-Energy Transceiver with 3.7-mW All-Digital Transmitter, 2.75-mW High-IF Discrete-Time Receiver, and TX/RX Switchable On-Chip Matching Network
AU - Kuo, Feng-Wei
AU - Binsfeld Ferreira, Sandro
AU - Chen, Huan-Neng Ron
AU - Cho, Lan-Chou
AU - Jou, Chewn-Pu
AU - Hsueh, Fu-Lung
AU - Madadi, Iman
AU - Tohidian, Massoud
AU - Shahmohammadi, Mina
AU - Babaie, Masoud
AU - Staszewski, Robert Bogdan
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - We present an ultra-low-power Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) transceiver (TRX) for the Internet of Things (IoT) optimized for digital 28-nm CMOS. A transmitter (TX) employs an all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) with a switched current-source digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) featuring low frequency pushing, and class-E/F2 digital power amplifier (PA), featuring high efficiency. Low 1/ f DCO noise allows the ADPLL to shut down after acquiring lock. The receiver operates in discrete time at high sampling rate (10 Gsamples/s) with intermediate frequency placed beyond 1/ f noise corner of MOS devices. New multistage multirate charge-sharing bandpass filters are adapted to achieve high out-of-band linearity, low noise, and low power consumption. An integrated on-chip matching network serves to both PA and low-noise transconductance amplifier, thus allowing a 1-pin direct antenna connection with no external band-selection filters. The TRX consumes 2.75 mW on the RX side and 3.7 mW on the TX side when delivering 0 dBm in BLE.
AB - We present an ultra-low-power Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) transceiver (TRX) for the Internet of Things (IoT) optimized for digital 28-nm CMOS. A transmitter (TX) employs an all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) with a switched current-source digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) featuring low frequency pushing, and class-E/F2 digital power amplifier (PA), featuring high efficiency. Low 1/ f DCO noise allows the ADPLL to shut down after acquiring lock. The receiver operates in discrete time at high sampling rate (10 Gsamples/s) with intermediate frequency placed beyond 1/ f noise corner of MOS devices. New multistage multirate charge-sharing bandpass filters are adapted to achieve high out-of-band linearity, low noise, and low power consumption. An integrated on-chip matching network serves to both PA and low-noise transconductance amplifier, thus allowing a 1-pin direct antenna connection with no external band-selection filters. The TRX consumes 2.75 mW on the RX side and 3.7 mW on the TX side when delivering 0 dBm in BLE.
KW - All-digital PLL (ADPLL)
KW - Bluetooth low energy (BLE)
KW - digitally controlled oscillator (DCO)
KW - discrete-Time (DT) receiver (RX)
KW - Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK)
KW - intermediate frequency (IF)
KW - Internet of Things (IoT)
KW - low-power (LP) transceiver (TRX)
KW - matching network
KW - transmit/receive (T/R) switch
KW - transmitter (TX)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85014255076&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f11ffeac-beee-43bc-ab3d-b21779ca77b3
U2 - 10.1109/JSSC.2017.2654322
DO - 10.1109/JSSC.2017.2654322
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85014255076
SN - 0018-9200
VL - 52
SP - 1144
EP - 1162
JO - IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits
JF - IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits
IS - 4
M1 - 7862859
ER -