A Bluetooth Low-Energy Transceiver with 3.7-mW All-Digital Transmitter, 2.75-mW High-IF Discrete-Time Receiver, and TX/RX Switchable On-Chip Matching Network

Feng-Wei Kuo, Sandro Binsfeld Ferreira, Huan-Neng Ron Chen, Lan-Chou Cho, Chewn-Pu Jou, Fu-Lung Hsueh, Iman Madadi, Massoud Tohidian, Mina Shahmohammadi, Masoud Babaie, Robert Bogdan Staszewski

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

94 Citations (Scopus)
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Abstract

We present an ultra-low-power Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) transceiver (TRX) for the Internet of Things (IoT) optimized for digital 28-nm CMOS. A transmitter (TX) employs an all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) with a switched current-source digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) featuring low frequency pushing, and class-E/F2 digital power amplifier (PA), featuring high efficiency. Low 1/ f DCO noise allows the ADPLL to shut down after acquiring lock. The receiver operates in discrete time at high sampling rate (10 Gsamples/s) with intermediate frequency placed beyond 1/ f noise corner of MOS devices. New multistage multirate charge-sharing bandpass filters are adapted to achieve high out-of-band linearity, low noise, and low power consumption. An integrated on-chip matching network serves to both PA and low-noise transconductance amplifier, thus allowing a 1-pin direct antenna connection with no external band-selection filters. The TRX consumes 2.75 mW on the RX side and 3.7 mW on the TX side when delivering 0 dBm in BLE.

Original languageEnglish
Article number7862859
Pages (from-to)1144-1162
Number of pages19
JournalIEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits
Volume52
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2017

Keywords

  • All-digital PLL (ADPLL)
  • Bluetooth low energy (BLE)
  • digitally controlled oscillator (DCO)
  • discrete-Time (DT) receiver (RX)
  • Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK)
  • intermediate frequency (IF)
  • Internet of Things (IoT)
  • low-power (LP) transceiver (TRX)
  • matching network
  • transmit/receive (T/R) switch
  • transmitter (TX)

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