A Rigorous Analysis of the Random Noise in Reflection Coefficients Synthesized via Mixed-Signal Active Tuners

Faisal  Mubarak; Fabio  Muñoz; Marco Spirito

doi:10.1109/ARFTG57476.2023.10279048

A Rigorous Analysis of the Random Noise in Reflection Coefficients Synthesized via Mixed-Signal Active Tuners

Faisal Mubarak^*, Fabio Muñoz, Marco Spirito

^*Corresponding author for this work

Electronics

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceedings/Edited volume › Conference contribution › Scientific › peer-review

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Abstract

In this contribution, we present a rigorous analysis based on uncertainty propagation techniques to estimate the random variation of the controlled reflection coefficient in mixed-signal load-pull test benches. A digital-to-analog converter is commonly used in these test benches to generate the baseband signal required to synthesize the high-frequency, user-defined injected wave. To study the random noise of the injected wave, which can be mapped to the noise of the controlled reflection coefficient, we employ Jacobian sensitivity functions between the baseband signal and the RF one. First, the baseband integrated rms noise of the up-converter is evaluated, and then the upconverted noise is determined via the derived transfer function. Finally, experimental results to validate the uncertainty control bound of the synthesized reflection coefficients are presented, highlighting a full coverage of the measured reflection coefficients.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of the 2023 101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG)
Subtitle of host publication	Challenges in Complex Measurement Environments, ARFTG 2023
Publisher	IEEE
Pages	1-4
Number of pages	4
ISBN (Electronic)	979-8-3503-2345-0
ISBN (Print)	979-8-3503-2346-7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/ARFTG57476.2023.10279048
Publication status	Published - 2023
Event	2023 101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG) - San Diego, United States Duration: 16 Jun 2023 → 16 Jun 2023 Conference number: 101st

Publication series

Name	101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference: Challenges in Complex Measurement Environments, ARFTG 2023

Conference

Conference	2023 101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG)
Country/Territory	United States
City	San Diego
Period	16/06/23 → 16/06/23

Bibliographical note

Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care
Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.

Keywords

S-parameter noise
frequency domain noise
residual-error
noise analysis
uncertainty analysis
vector network analyzer (VNA)

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A_Rigorous_Analysis_of_the_Random_Noise_in_Reflection_Coefficients_Synthesized_via_Mixed-Signal_Active_TunersFinal published version, 2.93 MB

Cite this

Mubarak, F., Muñoz, F., & Spirito, M. (2023). A Rigorous Analysis of the Random Noise in Reflection Coefficients Synthesized via Mixed-Signal Active Tuners. In Proceedings of the 2023 101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG): Challenges in Complex Measurement Environments, ARFTG 2023 (pp. 1-4). (101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference: Challenges in Complex Measurement Environments, ARFTG 2023). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ARFTG57476.2023.10279048

Mubarak, Faisal ; Muñoz, Fabio ; Spirito, Marco. / A Rigorous Analysis of the Random Noise in Reflection Coefficients Synthesized via Mixed-Signal Active Tuners. Proceedings of the 2023 101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG): Challenges in Complex Measurement Environments, ARFTG 2023. IEEE, 2023. pp. 1-4 (101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference: Challenges in Complex Measurement Environments, ARFTG 2023).

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title = "A Rigorous Analysis of the Random Noise in Reflection Coefficients Synthesized via Mixed-Signal Active Tuners",

abstract = "In this contribution, we present a rigorous analysis based on uncertainty propagation techniques to estimate the random variation of the controlled reflection coefficient in mixed-signal load-pull test benches. A digital-to-analog converter is commonly used in these test benches to generate the baseband signal required to synthesize the high-frequency, user-defined injected wave. To study the random noise of the injected wave, which can be mapped to the noise of the controlled reflection coefficient, we employ Jacobian sensitivity functions between the baseband signal and the RF one. First, the baseband integrated rms noise of the up-converter is evaluated, and then the upconverted noise is determined via the derived transfer function. Finally, experimental results to validate the uncertainty control bound of the synthesized reflection coefficients are presented, highlighting a full coverage of the measured reflection coefficients.",

keywords = "S-parameter noise, frequency domain noise, residual-error, noise analysis, uncertainty analysis, vector network analyzer (VNA)",

author = "Faisal Mubarak and Fabio Mu{\~n}oz and Marco Spirito",

note = "Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.; 2023 101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG) ; Conference date: 16-06-2023 Through 16-06-2023",

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Mubarak, F , Muñoz, F & Spirito, M 2023, A Rigorous Analysis of the Random Noise in Reflection Coefficients Synthesized via Mixed-Signal Active Tuners. in Proceedings of the 2023 101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG): Challenges in Complex Measurement Environments, ARFTG 2023. 101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference: Challenges in Complex Measurement Environments, ARFTG 2023, IEEE, pp. 1-4, 2023 101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG), San Diego, United States, 16/06/23. https://doi.org/10.1109/ARFTG57476.2023.10279048

A Rigorous Analysis of the Random Noise in Reflection Coefficients Synthesized via Mixed-Signal Active Tuners. / Mubarak, Faisal ; Muñoz, Fabio ; Spirito, Marco.
Proceedings of the 2023 101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG): Challenges in Complex Measurement Environments, ARFTG 2023. IEEE, 2023. p. 1-4 (101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference: Challenges in Complex Measurement Environments, ARFTG 2023).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceedings/Edited volume › Conference contribution › Scientific › peer-review

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AU - Spirito, Marco

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N2 - In this contribution, we present a rigorous analysis based on uncertainty propagation techniques to estimate the random variation of the controlled reflection coefficient in mixed-signal load-pull test benches. A digital-to-analog converter is commonly used in these test benches to generate the baseband signal required to synthesize the high-frequency, user-defined injected wave. To study the random noise of the injected wave, which can be mapped to the noise of the controlled reflection coefficient, we employ Jacobian sensitivity functions between the baseband signal and the RF one. First, the baseband integrated rms noise of the up-converter is evaluated, and then the upconverted noise is determined via the derived transfer function. Finally, experimental results to validate the uncertainty control bound of the synthesized reflection coefficients are presented, highlighting a full coverage of the measured reflection coefficients.

AB - In this contribution, we present a rigorous analysis based on uncertainty propagation techniques to estimate the random variation of the controlled reflection coefficient in mixed-signal load-pull test benches. A digital-to-analog converter is commonly used in these test benches to generate the baseband signal required to synthesize the high-frequency, user-defined injected wave. To study the random noise of the injected wave, which can be mapped to the noise of the controlled reflection coefficient, we employ Jacobian sensitivity functions between the baseband signal and the RF one. First, the baseband integrated rms noise of the up-converter is evaluated, and then the upconverted noise is determined via the derived transfer function. Finally, experimental results to validate the uncertainty control bound of the synthesized reflection coefficients are presented, highlighting a full coverage of the measured reflection coefficients.

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KW - residual-error

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T3 - 101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference: Challenges in Complex Measurement Environments, ARFTG 2023

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ER -

Mubarak F , Muñoz F , Spirito M. A Rigorous Analysis of the Random Noise in Reflection Coefficients Synthesized via Mixed-Signal Active Tuners. In Proceedings of the 2023 101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference (ARFTG): Challenges in Complex Measurement Environments, ARFTG 2023. IEEE. 2023. p. 1-4. (101st ARFTG Microwave Measurement Conference: Challenges in Complex Measurement Environments, ARFTG 2023). doi: 10.1109/ARFTG57476.2023.10279048

A Rigorous Analysis of the Random Noise in Reflection Coefficients Synthesized via Mixed-Signal Active Tuners

Abstract

Publication series

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Bibliographical note

Keywords

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