TY - JOUR
T1 - A rolling constraint reproduces ground reaction forces and moments in dynamic simulations of walking, running, and crouch gait
AU - Hamner, Samuel R.
AU - Seth, Ajay
AU - Steele, Katherine M.
AU - Delp, Scott L.
PY - 2013/6/21
Y1 - 2013/6/21
N2 - Recent advances in computational technology have dramatically increased the use of muscle-driven simulation to study accelerations produced by muscles during gait. Accelerations computed from muscle-driven simulations are sensitive to the model used to represent contact between the foot and ground. A foot-ground contact model must be able to calculate ground reaction forces and moments that are consistent with experimentally measured ground reaction forces and moments. We show here that a rolling constraint can model foot-ground contact and reproduce measured ground reaction forces and moments in an induced acceleration analysis of muscle-driven simulations of walking, running, and crouch gait. We also illustrate that a point constraint and a weld constraint used to model foot-ground contact in previous studies produce inaccurate reaction moments and lead to contradictory interpretations of muscle function. To enable others to use and test these different constraint types (i.e., rolling, point, and weld constraints) we have included them as part of an induced acceleration analysis in OpenSim, a freely-available biomechanics simulation package.
AB - Recent advances in computational technology have dramatically increased the use of muscle-driven simulation to study accelerations produced by muscles during gait. Accelerations computed from muscle-driven simulations are sensitive to the model used to represent contact between the foot and ground. A foot-ground contact model must be able to calculate ground reaction forces and moments that are consistent with experimentally measured ground reaction forces and moments. We show here that a rolling constraint can model foot-ground contact and reproduce measured ground reaction forces and moments in an induced acceleration analysis of muscle-driven simulations of walking, running, and crouch gait. We also illustrate that a point constraint and a weld constraint used to model foot-ground contact in previous studies produce inaccurate reaction moments and lead to contradictory interpretations of muscle function. To enable others to use and test these different constraint types (i.e., rolling, point, and weld constraints) we have included them as part of an induced acceleration analysis in OpenSim, a freely-available biomechanics simulation package.
KW - Biomechanics
KW - Contact model
KW - Dynamic simulation
KW - Foot-ground constraints
KW - Induced acceleration analysis
KW - Muscle function
KW - Musculoskeletal
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84886893992&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.03.030
DO - 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.03.030
M3 - Article
C2 - 23702045
AN - SCOPUS:84886893992
SN - 0021-9290
VL - 46
SP - 1772
EP - 1776
JO - Journal of Biomechanics
JF - Journal of Biomechanics
IS - 10
ER -