TY - JOUR
T1 - A Scalable Cryo-CMOS Controller for the Wideband Frequency-Multiplexed Control of Spin Qubits and Transmons
AU - Van DIjk, Jeroen Petrus Gerardus
AU - Patra, Bishnu
AU - Xue, Xiao
AU - Samkharadze, Nodar
AU - Corna, Andrea
AU - Sammak, Amir
AU - Scappucci, Giordano
AU - Veldhorst, Menno
AU - Vandersypen, Lieven M.K.
AU - Charbon, Edoardo
AU - Babaie, Masoud
AU - Sebastiano, Fabio
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Building a large-scale quantum computer requires the co-optimization of both the quantum bits (qubits) and their control electronics. By operating the CMOS control circuits at cryogenic temperatures (cryo-CMOS), and hence in close proximity to the cryogenic solid-state qubits, a compact quantum-computing system can be achieved, thus promising scalability to the large number of qubits required in a practical application. This work presents a cryo-CMOS microwave signal generator for frequency-multiplexed control of 4\times 32 qubits (32 qubits per RF output). A digitally intensive architecture offering full programmability of phase, amplitude, and frequency of the output microwave pulses and a wideband RF front end operating from 2 to 20 GHz allow targeting both spin qubits and transmons. The controller comprises a qubit-phase-tracking direct digital synthesis (DDS) back end for coherent qubit control and a single-sideband (SSB) RF front end optimized for minimum leakage between the qubit channels. Fabricated in Intel 22-nm FinFET technology, it achieves a 48-dB SNR and 45-dB spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) in a 1-GHz data bandwidth when operating at 3 K, thus enabling high-fidelity qubit control. By exploiting the on-chip 4096-instruction memory, the capability to translate quantum algorithms to microwave signals has been demonstrated by coherently controlling a spin qubit at both 14 and 18 GHz.
AB - Building a large-scale quantum computer requires the co-optimization of both the quantum bits (qubits) and their control electronics. By operating the CMOS control circuits at cryogenic temperatures (cryo-CMOS), and hence in close proximity to the cryogenic solid-state qubits, a compact quantum-computing system can be achieved, thus promising scalability to the large number of qubits required in a practical application. This work presents a cryo-CMOS microwave signal generator for frequency-multiplexed control of 4\times 32 qubits (32 qubits per RF output). A digitally intensive architecture offering full programmability of phase, amplitude, and frequency of the output microwave pulses and a wideband RF front end operating from 2 to 20 GHz allow targeting both spin qubits and transmons. The controller comprises a qubit-phase-tracking direct digital synthesis (DDS) back end for coherent qubit control and a single-sideband (SSB) RF front end optimized for minimum leakage between the qubit channels. Fabricated in Intel 22-nm FinFET technology, it achieves a 48-dB SNR and 45-dB spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) in a 1-GHz data bandwidth when operating at 3 K, thus enabling high-fidelity qubit control. By exploiting the on-chip 4096-instruction memory, the capability to translate quantum algorithms to microwave signals has been demonstrated by coherently controlling a spin qubit at both 14 and 18 GHz.
KW - Cryo-CMOS
KW - cryogenic
KW - direct digital synthesis (DDS)
KW - fidelity
KW - FinFET
KW - frequency-division multiplexing
KW - quantum computing
KW - qubit control
KW - specifications
KW - spin qubits
KW - wideband
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85094873576&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JSSC.2020.3024678
DO - 10.1109/JSSC.2020.3024678
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85094873576
SN - 0018-9200
VL - 55
SP - 2930
EP - 2946
JO - IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
JF - IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
IS - 11
M1 - 9209175
ER -