TY - JOUR
T1 - A Comprehensive Review of the Integration of Battery Energy Storage Systems Into Distribution Networks
AU - Stecca, Marco
AU - Ramirez Elizondo, Laura
AU - Soeiro, Thiago Batista
AU - Bauer, Pavol
AU - Palensky, Peter
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Recent developments in the electricity sector encourage a high penetration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES). In addition, European policies are pushing for mass deployment of Electric Vehicles (EVs). Due to their non-controllable characteristics, these loads have brought new challenges in distribution networks, resulting in increased difficulty for Distribution System Operators (DSOs) to guarantee a safe and reliable operation of the grid. Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) are promising solutions for mitigating the impact of the new loads and RES. In this paper, different aspects of the BESS's integration in distribution grids are reviewed. At first, the physical layer will be considered, focusing on the main battery technologies commercially available and on the power electronics converter. Secondly, the different functionalities that a grid-connected BESS can provide will be investigated, and then its sizing, location and control in distribution network will be discussed. In addition, an overview of actual BESSs installations is given. All in all, this paper aims at providing a comprehensive view of BESSs integration in distribution grids, highlighting the main focus, challenges, and research gaps for each one of these aspects.
AB - Recent developments in the electricity sector encourage a high penetration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES). In addition, European policies are pushing for mass deployment of Electric Vehicles (EVs). Due to their non-controllable characteristics, these loads have brought new challenges in distribution networks, resulting in increased difficulty for Distribution System Operators (DSOs) to guarantee a safe and reliable operation of the grid. Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) are promising solutions for mitigating the impact of the new loads and RES. In this paper, different aspects of the BESS's integration in distribution grids are reviewed. At first, the physical layer will be considered, focusing on the main battery technologies commercially available and on the power electronics converter. Secondly, the different functionalities that a grid-connected BESS can provide will be investigated, and then its sizing, location and control in distribution network will be discussed. In addition, an overview of actual BESSs installations is given. All in all, this paper aims at providing a comprehensive view of BESSs integration in distribution grids, highlighting the main focus, challenges, and research gaps for each one of these aspects.
KW - DC-AC power converter
KW - distribution network
KW - energy storage
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85121057533&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/OJIES.2020.2981832
DO - 10.1109/OJIES.2020.2981832
M3 - Article
SN - 2644-1284
VL - 1
SP - 46
EP - 65
JO - IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society
JF - IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society
ER -