Analysis of foundation problems using discontinuum and equivalent continuum approaches with embedded discrete fractures

Numerical methods and computing techniques are now integrated components in rock mechanics and rock engineering design, providing an opportunity to increase our fundamental understanding of the factors governing rock mass behavior. It is increasingly evident that models of rock mass behavior should incorporate realistic representation of fracture networks as well as should constitute an effective aid for the evaluation of scale-effects for those engineering problem where performing field tests at different scales is not technically or economically viable. This paper provides a discussion on proposed theoretical approach broadly adopted to study the stability of slopes that include intermittent joints. Limitations of the approach are demonstrated by showing the results of numerical analyses carried out with discontinuum (ELFEN) and continuum (PLAXIS) codes applied to the study of conceptual slope and foundation problems in fractured rock masses. The paper highlights the importance in rock engineering design of applying numerical modeling for rock bridge related problems, and emphasis is given to methods to account for rock bridge strength at the desired engineering scale.