Crack healing behaviour of Cr2AlC MAX phase studied by X-ray tomography

R. Pei, S. A. McDonald, L. Shen, S. van der Zwaag, W. G. Sloof, P. J. Withers, P. M. Mummery*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

43 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The autonomous crack-healing capability of Cr2AlC MAX phase ceramic by surface oxidation at elevated temperatures has a huge potential for high temperature structural and protective coating applications. In this work we use time-lapse X-ray computed tomography (CT) to track the fine details of local crack filling phenomena in 3 dimensions (3D) with time. The maximum crack width that could be fully healed upon exposure to 1200 °C in air is 4.8 μm in 4 h and 10 μm after 12 h. Furthermore, during healing Cr7C3 phase is observed beneath the dense Al2O3 layer (average thickness of 1 μm on each crack surface) when the crack width exceeds 2 μm. The 3D image sequences indicated that the rate of healing is essentially independent of position along, or across, the crack faces. The crack healing kinetics of Cr2AlC at 1200 °C broadly follows a parabolic rate law with a rate constant of 4.6 × 10−4 μm2 s−1The microstructure, composition and thickness of the oxide scale in the healed crack area are characterized via post mortem SEM-EDS measurements and confirm the formation of an initial dense alumina layer on top of which a more porous layer forms. Impurity Cr particles appear to accelerate the oxidation process locally and correlative SEM imaging of the same region suggests this is by providing Cr2O3 nucleation sites.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)441-450
JournalJournal of the European Ceramic Society
Volume37
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2017

Keywords

  • Correlative study
  • Cr2AlC
  • Crack healing
  • X-ray tomography

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