Evolution of face-centered cubic Ti alloys transformation by X-ray diffraction profile analysis in mechanical alloying

Edgar Pio; Ariosto Medina; Carola Martínez; Felipe Manuel Castro Cerda; Claudio Aguilar

doi:10.3390/met11111841

Evolution of face-centered cubic Ti alloys transformation by X-ray diffraction profile analysis in mechanical alloying

Edgar Pio^*, Ariosto Medina, Carola Martínez, Felipe Manuel Castro Cerda, Claudio Aguilar

^*Corresponding author for this work

Team Kevin Rossi

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

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Abstract

Four titanium alloys (Ti-Ta, Ti-Ta-Sn, Ti-Ta-Mn, and Ti-Nb-Sn) were synthesized by mechanical alloying (MA) in a planetary mill in different times between 2 h and 100 h. The microstructure characterization was made by X-ray diffraction (XRD), in which the Rietveld method was applied to analyze the diffraction patterns. The study demonstrated that after short milling times between 2 h and 30 h, the fraction of hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase decreases; at the same time, the formation of body-centered cubic (bcc) and face-centered cubic (fcc) Ti phases are promoted. Additionally, after 30 h of MA, the full transformation of hcp-Ti was observed, and the bcc-Ti to fcc-Ti phase transformation took place until 50 h. The results suggest that the addition of Ta and Sn promotes the fcc-Ti phase formation, obtaining 100% of this phase at 50 h onwards, whereas Nb and Mn show the opposite effect.

Original language	English
Article number	1841
Number of pages	17
Journal	Metals
Volume	11
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111841
Publication status	Published - 2021

Keywords

Face-centered cubic
Microstructural evolution
X-ray diffraction

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10.3390/met11111841

metals-11-01841Final published version, 1.5 MBLicence: CC BY

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title = "Evolution of face-centered cubic Ti alloys transformation by X-ray diffraction profile analysis in mechanical alloying",

abstract = "Four titanium alloys (Ti-Ta, Ti-Ta-Sn, Ti-Ta-Mn, and Ti-Nb-Sn) were synthesized by mechanical alloying (MA) in a planetary mill in different times between 2 h and 100 h. The microstructure characterization was made by X-ray diffraction (XRD), in which the Rietveld method was applied to analyze the diffraction patterns. The study demonstrated that after short milling times between 2 h and 30 h, the fraction of hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase decreases; at the same time, the formation of body-centered cubic (bcc) and face-centered cubic (fcc) Ti phases are promoted. Additionally, after 30 h of MA, the full transformation of hcp-Ti was observed, and the bcc-Ti to fcc-Ti phase transformation took place until 50 h. The results suggest that the addition of Ta and Sn promotes the fcc-Ti phase formation, obtaining 100% of this phase at 50 h onwards, whereas Nb and Mn show the opposite effect.",

keywords = "Face-centered cubic, Microstructural evolution, X-ray diffraction",

author = "Edgar Pio and Ariosto Medina and Carola Mart{\'i}nez and Cerda, {Felipe Manuel Castro} and Claudio Aguilar",

year = "2021",

doi = "10.3390/met11111841",

language = "English",

volume = "11",

journal = "Metals",

issn = "2075-4701",

publisher = "MDPI",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Evolution of face-centered cubic Ti alloys transformation by X-ray diffraction profile analysis in mechanical alloying

AU - Pio, Edgar

AU - Medina, Ariosto

AU - Martínez, Carola

AU - Cerda, Felipe Manuel Castro

AU - Aguilar, Claudio

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Four titanium alloys (Ti-Ta, Ti-Ta-Sn, Ti-Ta-Mn, and Ti-Nb-Sn) were synthesized by mechanical alloying (MA) in a planetary mill in different times between 2 h and 100 h. The microstructure characterization was made by X-ray diffraction (XRD), in which the Rietveld method was applied to analyze the diffraction patterns. The study demonstrated that after short milling times between 2 h and 30 h, the fraction of hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase decreases; at the same time, the formation of body-centered cubic (bcc) and face-centered cubic (fcc) Ti phases are promoted. Additionally, after 30 h of MA, the full transformation of hcp-Ti was observed, and the bcc-Ti to fcc-Ti phase transformation took place until 50 h. The results suggest that the addition of Ta and Sn promotes the fcc-Ti phase formation, obtaining 100% of this phase at 50 h onwards, whereas Nb and Mn show the opposite effect.

AB - Four titanium alloys (Ti-Ta, Ti-Ta-Sn, Ti-Ta-Mn, and Ti-Nb-Sn) were synthesized by mechanical alloying (MA) in a planetary mill in different times between 2 h and 100 h. The microstructure characterization was made by X-ray diffraction (XRD), in which the Rietveld method was applied to analyze the diffraction patterns. The study demonstrated that after short milling times between 2 h and 30 h, the fraction of hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase decreases; at the same time, the formation of body-centered cubic (bcc) and face-centered cubic (fcc) Ti phases are promoted. Additionally, after 30 h of MA, the full transformation of hcp-Ti was observed, and the bcc-Ti to fcc-Ti phase transformation took place until 50 h. The results suggest that the addition of Ta and Sn promotes the fcc-Ti phase formation, obtaining 100% of this phase at 50 h onwards, whereas Nb and Mn show the opposite effect.

KW - Face-centered cubic

KW - Microstructural evolution

KW - X-ray diffraction

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U2 - 10.3390/met11111841

DO - 10.3390/met11111841

M3 - Article

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SN - 2075-4701

VL - 11

JO - Metals

JF - Metals

IS - 11

M1 - 1841

ER -

Evolution of face-centered cubic Ti alloys transformation by X-ray diffraction profile analysis in mechanical alloying

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Keywords

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