TY - GEN
T1 - Exploring Universal and Cultural Preferences for Different Concepts of Autonomous Vehicles’ External Communication in China, USA and Germany
AU - Wesseling, Anne Marie Julie Barthe
AU - Mugge, Ruth
AU - van Grondelle, Elmer
AU - Othersen, Ina
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - External communication constitutes a research area that has emerged from the need to develop an effective and intuitive system that enables autonomous vehicles (AVs) to communicate with all human road users. Considering that AVs generally target different countries, it is important to understand potential cultural differences in user preferences to various external communication concepts. This research investigates user preferences for seven external communication concepts using an online questionnaire (N = 710) in three diverse cultures (i.e. China, Germany and the United States of America). Specifically, the study explores the potential of the following concepts: Display, LED, emphasized inclination caused by vehicle behavior (“Incline”), Directed Sound Beam (“Sound”), Smart Assistant in Wearables, Smart infrastructure, and Augmented Reality. After seeing short movies of these concepts, participants rated the concepts on usability and trust. The findings demonstrate that opportunities exist for both universalization and localization. In addition, these results describe an opportunity for a modular external communication concept that consist of a baseline concept and cultural-specific modules. The baseline concept can be derived from universal preferences for external communication concepts. This baseline concept is to be extended with cultural-specific modules that aim to optimize usability and human understanding in specific cultures based on information preferences.
AB - External communication constitutes a research area that has emerged from the need to develop an effective and intuitive system that enables autonomous vehicles (AVs) to communicate with all human road users. Considering that AVs generally target different countries, it is important to understand potential cultural differences in user preferences to various external communication concepts. This research investigates user preferences for seven external communication concepts using an online questionnaire (N = 710) in three diverse cultures (i.e. China, Germany and the United States of America). Specifically, the study explores the potential of the following concepts: Display, LED, emphasized inclination caused by vehicle behavior (“Incline”), Directed Sound Beam (“Sound”), Smart Assistant in Wearables, Smart infrastructure, and Augmented Reality. After seeing short movies of these concepts, participants rated the concepts on usability and trust. The findings demonstrate that opportunities exist for both universalization and localization. In addition, these results describe an opportunity for a modular external communication concept that consist of a baseline concept and cultural-specific modules. The baseline concept can be derived from universal preferences for external communication concepts. This baseline concept is to be extended with cultural-specific modules that aim to optimize usability and human understanding in specific cultures based on information preferences.
KW - Autonomous vehicles
KW - Culture
KW - Design
KW - External communication
KW - Human-Computer Interaction
KW - Universal access
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85088753646&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-030-49788-0_49
DO - 10.1007/978-3-030-49788-0_49
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85088753646
SN - 9783030497873
T3 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
SP - 641
EP - 660
BT - Cross-Cultural Design. User Experience of Products, Services, and Intelligent Environments - 12th International Conference, CCD 2020, Held as Part of the 22nd HCI International Conference, HCII 2020, Proceedings
A2 - Patrick Rau, Pei-Luen
PB - SpringerOpen
T2 - 12th International Conference on Cross-Cultural Design, CCD 2020, held as part of the 22nd International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2020
Y2 - 19 July 2020 through 24 July 2020
ER -