TY - JOUR
T1 - Impacts of the rudder profile on manoeuvring performance of ships
AU - Liu, Jialun
AU - Quadvlieg, Frans
AU - Hekkenberg, Robert
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - The profile of a ship rudder influences the forces it generates, which in turn influence the manoeuvring performance of a ship. Thus, rudder forces and moments should be calculated considering the profile. Instead of an empirical estimation of the rudder normal force coefficient, this paper applies a RANS method to determine the hydrodynamic characteristics of various profiles, i.e. lift and drag coefficients. The RANS method is validated with a classic NACA 0012 profile and applied to 9 profiles from the NACA series, the wedge-tail series, and the IFS series. Furthermore, the 2D open-water RANS results are corrected for the effects of the propeller slipstream and the rudder aspect ratio. New regression formulas of the normal force coefficients are proposed for the tested profiles. These formulas are then integrated into a standard MMG model. Taking the KVLCC2 tanker as a reference ship, the manoeuvring model is validated with free-running tests executed by MARIN. Finally, the manoeuvring performance of the reference ship with various rudder profiles are quantified with turning and zigzag manoeuvres. The simulation results confirm that the wedge-tail series is most effective (largest manoeuvring forces) while the NACA series is most efficient (highest lift to drag ratio) among the tested profiles. The IFS series achieves a balance of effectiveness and efficiency.
AB - The profile of a ship rudder influences the forces it generates, which in turn influence the manoeuvring performance of a ship. Thus, rudder forces and moments should be calculated considering the profile. Instead of an empirical estimation of the rudder normal force coefficient, this paper applies a RANS method to determine the hydrodynamic characteristics of various profiles, i.e. lift and drag coefficients. The RANS method is validated with a classic NACA 0012 profile and applied to 9 profiles from the NACA series, the wedge-tail series, and the IFS series. Furthermore, the 2D open-water RANS results are corrected for the effects of the propeller slipstream and the rudder aspect ratio. New regression formulas of the normal force coefficients are proposed for the tested profiles. These formulas are then integrated into a standard MMG model. Taking the KVLCC2 tanker as a reference ship, the manoeuvring model is validated with free-running tests executed by MARIN. Finally, the manoeuvring performance of the reference ship with various rudder profiles are quantified with turning and zigzag manoeuvres. The simulation results confirm that the wedge-tail series is most effective (largest manoeuvring forces) while the NACA series is most efficient (highest lift to drag ratio) among the tested profiles. The IFS series achieves a balance of effectiveness and efficiency.
KW - KVLCC2
KW - Manoeuvring simulations
KW - RANS methods
KW - Rudder profiles
KW - Ship manoeuvrability
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84982860419&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2f8d6dbc-b2ae-44b2-b459-7f15a5fb40e9
U2 - 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.07.064
DO - 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.07.064
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84982860419
SN - 0029-8018
VL - 124
SP - 226
EP - 240
JO - Ocean Engineering
JF - Ocean Engineering
ER -