TY - GEN
T1 - Indoor Air and Thermal Quality in School Buildings
T2 - 12th International Conference of Ar.Tec. (Scientific Society of Architectural Engineering), Colloqui.AT.e 2025
AU - D’Amico, Alessandro
AU - Fiume, Federico
AU - de la Barra, Pedro
AU - Luna-Navarro, Alessandra
N1 - Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository as part of the Taverne amendment. More information about this copyright law amendment can be found at https://www.openaccess.nl. Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.
PY - 2025
Y1 - 2025
N2 - Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) plays a crucial role in the health, well-being, and cognitive performance of students in school environments. This study presents the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Internet of Things (IoT) sensors for real-time IEQ monitoring and dynamic ventilation control. A BIM-integrated window signaling system was developed using visual programming to process real-time sensor data and provide feedback on optimal window operation times. The methodology consisted of five phases: (1) development of a BIM model of the case study and calculation of window opening time, (2) on-site deployment of an IoT sensor system, (3) integration of real-time environmental data into the BIM model, (4) generation of a continuously updated digital twin for IEQ assessment, and (5) comparison between calculated ventilation times and measured environmental parameters. The system was tested in two classrooms of a school in Rome, Italy, where temperature and CO₂ concentration were continuously monitored. The results indicate that the calculated ventilation schedules effectively maintained indoor temperatures within recommended thresholds. However, CO₂ levels frequently exceeded the guide value threshold in one classroom, revealing discrepancies between the expected and actual window opening behaviors of occupants. The study underscores the role of occupant compliance in ventilation effectiveness and demonstrates how BIM can function as a dynamic decision-support tool by integrating real-time environmental data, automated parameter updates, and graphical trend visualization.
AB - Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) plays a crucial role in the health, well-being, and cognitive performance of students in school environments. This study presents the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Internet of Things (IoT) sensors for real-time IEQ monitoring and dynamic ventilation control. A BIM-integrated window signaling system was developed using visual programming to process real-time sensor data and provide feedback on optimal window operation times. The methodology consisted of five phases: (1) development of a BIM model of the case study and calculation of window opening time, (2) on-site deployment of an IoT sensor system, (3) integration of real-time environmental data into the BIM model, (4) generation of a continuously updated digital twin for IEQ assessment, and (5) comparison between calculated ventilation times and measured environmental parameters. The system was tested in two classrooms of a school in Rome, Italy, where temperature and CO₂ concentration were continuously monitored. The results indicate that the calculated ventilation schedules effectively maintained indoor temperatures within recommended thresholds. However, CO₂ levels frequently exceeded the guide value threshold in one classroom, revealing discrepancies between the expected and actual window opening behaviors of occupants. The study underscores the role of occupant compliance in ventilation effectiveness and demonstrates how BIM can function as a dynamic decision-support tool by integrating real-time environmental data, automated parameter updates, and graphical trend visualization.
KW - BIM
KW - IAQ
KW - IEQ
KW - IoT sensor
KW - School Buildings
KW - Thermal Comfort
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=105021837753&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-032-06978-8_14
DO - 10.1007/978-3-032-06978-8_14
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:105021837753
SN - 978-3-032-06977-1
SN - 978-3-032-06980-1
T3 - Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
SP - 260
EP - 284
BT - Envisioning the Futures - Designing and Building for People and the Environment - Proceedings of Colloqui.AT.e 2025
A2 - Albatici, Rossano
A2 - Dalprà, Michela
A2 - Gatti, Maria Paola
A2 - Maracchini, Gianluca
A2 - Torresin, Simone
PB - Springer
CY - Cham
Y2 - 11 June 2025 through 14 June 2025
ER -