Abstract
Long Range Wide Area Networks (LoRaWAN) offer ubiquitous communications for The Internet of Things (IoT). However, there are many challenges in rolling out LoRaWAN - mainly scalability, energy efficiency, Packet Reception Ratio (PRR), and keeping the channel access as simple as unslotted ALOHA. To this end, we design non-persistent Capture Effect Channel Activity Detection Algorithm (np-CECADA), which is a novel, distributed protocol for the MAC layer of LoRaWAN. It utilizes Channel Activity Detection (CAD), which is a built-in imperfect mechanism for channel sensing and minimal feedback from the gateways. In np-CECADA each device independently adapts backoff times based on the traffic in its vicinity and the transmission power based on the heuristically inferred probability of capturing the channel. To achieve this, first, we carried out an extensive on-field evaluation to measure the effectiveness of CAD and capture effect in LoRa. Using them we designed np CECADA and developed ns-3 modules. Packet Reception Ratio of np-CECADA is 15.74× and 5.13× higher than vanilla LoRaWAN and p-CARMA, respectively. Channel utilization is 11.24× higher compared to LMAC. Further, on a testbed of 30 LoRa devices np-CECADA outperforms LoRaWAN up to 5 times.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | 2021 IEEE 18th International Conference on Mobile Ad Hoc and Smart Systems (MASS) |
Subtitle of host publication | Proceedings |
Editors | Cristina Ceballos |
Place of Publication | Piscataway |
Publisher | IEEE |
Pages | 374-382 |
Number of pages | 9 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 978-1-6654-4935-9 |
ISBN (Print) | 978-1-6654-4936-6 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2021 |
Event | 2021 IEEE 18th International Conference on Mobile Ad Hoc and Smart Systems (MASS) - Virtual at Denver, United States Duration: 4 Oct 2021 → 7 Oct 2021 Conference number: 18th |
Conference
Conference | 2021 IEEE 18th International Conference on Mobile Ad Hoc and Smart Systems (MASS) |
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Abbreviated title | MASS 2021 |
Country/Territory | United States |
City | Virtual at Denver |
Period | 4/10/21 → 7/10/21 |
Bibliographical note
Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-careOtherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.