Numerical study on two-point contact by an explicit integration finite element method: A contribution to the modeling of flange squeal

The precise mechanism which activates squeal, especially flange squeal has not been fully explained. The complex non-Hertzian contact and the broad-band high frequency feature bring great challenges to the modelling work of flange squeal. In this paper, an explicit integration finite element method is presented to simulate the dynamic curving behavior of the outer wheel, which is believed directly related to flange squeal generation. By fully considering the normal, tangential force and spin moment, the non-steady-state wheel-rail interaction from one-point to two-point contact is reproduced. The critical time step of the explicit integration scheme is determined by the Courant stability condition, which, together with the detailed modelling of the structural and continuum of the wheel/track system, effectively guarantees that the reproduced vibration frequency can reach up to 10 kHz with desired accuracy. The aim of the work is to contribute to the modelling and understanding of the generation mechanism of the flange squeal from the viewpoint of the wheel-rail interaction.