TY - JOUR
T1 - Parent-of-origin tumourigenesis is mediated by an essential imprinted modifier in SDHD-linked paragangliomas
T2 - SLC22A18 and CDKN1C are candidate tumour modifiers
AU - Hoekstra, Attje S.
AU - Addie, Ruben D.
AU - Ras, Cor
AU - Maleki Seifar, R.
AU - Ruivenkamp, Claudia A.
AU - Briaire-de Bruijn, Inge H.
AU - Hes, Frederik J.
AU - Jansen, Jeroen C.
AU - Corssmit, Eleonora P.M.
AU - Corver, Willem E.
AU - Morreau, Hans
AU - Bovée, Judith V.M.G.
AU - Bayley, Jean Pierre
AU - Devilee, Peter
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - Mutations in SDHD and SDHAF2 (both located on chromosome 11) give rise to hereditary paraganglioma almost exclusively after paternal transmission of the mutation, and tumours often show loss of the entire maternal copy of chromosome 11. The 'Hensen' model postulates that a tumour modifier gene located on chromosome 11p15, a region known to harbour a cluster of imprinted genes, is essential to tumour formation.We observed decreased protein expression of the 11p15 candidate genes CDKN1C, SLC22A18 and ZNF215 evaluated in 60 SDHD-mutated tumours compared to normal carotid body tissue and non-SDH mutant tumours. We then created stable knockdown in vitro models, reasoning that the simultaneous knockdown of SDHD and a maternally expressed 11p15 modifier gene would enhance paraganglioma-related cellular characteristics compared to SDHD knockdown alone. Knockdown of SDHD in SNB19 and SHSY5Y cells resulted in the accumulation of succinate, the stabilization of HIF1 protein and a reduction in cell proliferation. Compared to single knockdown of SDHD, knockdown of SDHD together with SLC22A18 or with CDKN1C led to small but significant increases in cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis, and to a gene expression profile closely related to the known transcriptional profile of SDH-deficient tumours. Of the 60 SDHD tumours investigated, four tumours showing retention of chromosome 11 showed SLC22A18 and CDKN1C expression levels comparable to levels in tumours showing loss of chromosome 11, suggesting loss of protein expression despite chromosomal retention.
AB - Mutations in SDHD and SDHAF2 (both located on chromosome 11) give rise to hereditary paraganglioma almost exclusively after paternal transmission of the mutation, and tumours often show loss of the entire maternal copy of chromosome 11. The 'Hensen' model postulates that a tumour modifier gene located on chromosome 11p15, a region known to harbour a cluster of imprinted genes, is essential to tumour formation.We observed decreased protein expression of the 11p15 candidate genes CDKN1C, SLC22A18 and ZNF215 evaluated in 60 SDHD-mutated tumours compared to normal carotid body tissue and non-SDH mutant tumours. We then created stable knockdown in vitro models, reasoning that the simultaneous knockdown of SDHD and a maternally expressed 11p15 modifier gene would enhance paraganglioma-related cellular characteristics compared to SDHD knockdown alone. Knockdown of SDHD in SNB19 and SHSY5Y cells resulted in the accumulation of succinate, the stabilization of HIF1 protein and a reduction in cell proliferation. Compared to single knockdown of SDHD, knockdown of SDHD together with SLC22A18 or with CDKN1C led to small but significant increases in cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis, and to a gene expression profile closely related to the known transcriptional profile of SDH-deficient tumours. Of the 60 SDHD tumours investigated, four tumours showing retention of chromosome 11 showed SLC22A18 and CDKN1C expression levels comparable to levels in tumours showing loss of chromosome 11, suggesting loss of protein expression despite chromosomal retention.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85014370561&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/hmg/ddw218
DO - 10.1093/hmg/ddw218
M3 - Article
C2 - 27402879
SN - 0964-6906
VL - 25
SP - 3715
EP - 3728
JO - Human Molecular Genetics
JF - Human Molecular Genetics
IS - 17
ER -