Phantom braking in automated vehicles: A theoretical outline and cycling simulator demonstration

S.H. Berge; J.C.F. de Winter; Y. Feng; Marjan Hagenzieker

doi:10.54941/ahfe1005212

Phantom braking in automated vehicles: A theoretical outline and cycling simulator demonstration

S.H. Berge^*, J.C.F. de Winter, Y. Feng, Marjan Hagenzieker

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceedings/Edited volume › Conference contribution › Scientific › peer-review

51 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The emerging use of automated driving systems introduces novel situations that may affect the safety of vulnerable road users such as cyclists. In this paper, we explain and conceptualise the phenomenon of phantom braking – sudden and unexpected deceleration – in automated vehicles. We apply signal detection theory to interpret phantom braking as a by-product of automated decision-making, with the vehicle favouring the avoidance of accidents at the cost of potentially causing rear-end accidents. To illustrate phantom braking and its effects on cyclists, we used a newly developed cycling simulator. An exploratory measurement conducted with a single cyclist participant revealed a possible complacency effect of the cyclist, with the cyclist’s decision-making mirroring the automated vehicle’s decision-making. The findings provide a testament to using cycling simulators for further exploration of the effects of phantom braking on cyclists.

Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; Innovative Training Networks (ITN); SHAPE-IT; Grant number 860410

DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1005212

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Advances in Human Factors of Transportation
Publisher	AHFE
Pages	224-233
Number of pages	10
Volume	148
Edition	2024
ISBN (Electronic)	978-1-964867-24-3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005212
Publication status	Published - 2024
Event	AHFE 2024 International Conference - Nice, France Duration: 24 Jul 2024 → 27 Jul 2024

Conference

Conference	AHFE 2024 International Conference
Country/Territory	France
City	Nice
Period	24/07/24 → 27/07/24

Funding

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement 860410

Keywords

Automated vehicles
Cyclists
Cycling simulator
Phantom braking

Access to Document

10.54941/ahfe1005212

978-1-964867-24-3_23Final published version, 5.02 MB

1 Dissertation (TU Delft)

Cycling in the Age of Automation: Enhancing Cyclist Interaction with Automated Vehicles through Human-Machine Interfaces
Berge, S. H., 2024, TRAIL Research School. 214 p.
Research output: Thesis › Dissertation (TU Delft)

Open Access
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Supplementary data for the paper 'Phantom braking in automated vehicles: A theoretical outline and cycling simulator demonstration'
Berge, S. H. (Creator), de Winter, J. C. F. (Creator), Feng, Y. (Creator) & Hagenzieker, M. P. (Creator), TU Delft - 4TU.ResearchData, 2024
DOI: 10.4121/3E441314-6FA1-4A42-8C8F-57D9E3B88785
Dataset/Software: Dataset

Cite this

@inproceedings{625ad479aea64460aa78dcc94bf3fd1c,

title = "Phantom braking in automated vehicles: A theoretical outline and cycling simulator demonstration",

abstract = "The emerging use of automated driving systems introduces novel situations that may affect the safety of vulnerable road users such as cyclists. In this paper, we explain and conceptualise the phenomenon of phantom braking – sudden and unexpected deceleration – in automated vehicles. We apply signal detection theory to interpret phantom braking as a by-product of automated decision-making, with the vehicle favouring the avoidance of accidents at the cost of potentially causing rear-end accidents. To illustrate phantom braking and its effects on cyclists, we used a newly developed cycling simulator. An exploratory measurement conducted with a single cyclist participant revealed a possible complacency effect of the cyclist, with the cyclist{\textquoteright}s decision-making mirroring the automated vehicle{\textquoteright}s decision-making. The findings provide a testament to using cycling simulators for further exploration of the effects of phantom braking on cyclists.Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie Actions; Innovative Training Networks (ITN); SHAPE-IT; Grant number 860410DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1005212",

keywords = "Automated vehicles, Cyclists, Cycling simulator, Phantom braking",

author = "S.H. Berge and {de Winter}, J.C.F. and Y. Feng and Marjan Hagenzieker",

year = "2024",

doi = "10.54941/ahfe1005212",

language = "English",

volume = "148",

pages = "224--233",

booktitle = "Advances in Human Factors of Transportation",

publisher = "AHFE",

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AU - de Winter, J.C.F.

AU - Feng, Y.

AU - Hagenzieker, Marjan

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - The emerging use of automated driving systems introduces novel situations that may affect the safety of vulnerable road users such as cyclists. In this paper, we explain and conceptualise the phenomenon of phantom braking – sudden and unexpected deceleration – in automated vehicles. We apply signal detection theory to interpret phantom braking as a by-product of automated decision-making, with the vehicle favouring the avoidance of accidents at the cost of potentially causing rear-end accidents. To illustrate phantom braking and its effects on cyclists, we used a newly developed cycling simulator. An exploratory measurement conducted with a single cyclist participant revealed a possible complacency effect of the cyclist, with the cyclist’s decision-making mirroring the automated vehicle’s decision-making. The findings provide a testament to using cycling simulators for further exploration of the effects of phantom braking on cyclists.Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; Innovative Training Networks (ITN); SHAPE-IT; Grant number 860410DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1005212

AB - The emerging use of automated driving systems introduces novel situations that may affect the safety of vulnerable road users such as cyclists. In this paper, we explain and conceptualise the phenomenon of phantom braking – sudden and unexpected deceleration – in automated vehicles. We apply signal detection theory to interpret phantom braking as a by-product of automated decision-making, with the vehicle favouring the avoidance of accidents at the cost of potentially causing rear-end accidents. To illustrate phantom braking and its effects on cyclists, we used a newly developed cycling simulator. An exploratory measurement conducted with a single cyclist participant revealed a possible complacency effect of the cyclist, with the cyclist’s decision-making mirroring the automated vehicle’s decision-making. The findings provide a testament to using cycling simulators for further exploration of the effects of phantom braking on cyclists.Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; Innovative Training Networks (ITN); SHAPE-IT; Grant number 860410DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1005212

KW - Automated vehicles

KW - Cyclists

KW - Cycling simulator

KW - Phantom braking

U2 - 10.54941/ahfe1005212

DO - 10.54941/ahfe1005212

M3 - Conference contribution

VL - 148

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BT - Advances in Human Factors of Transportation

PB - AHFE

T2 - AHFE 2024 International Conference

Y2 - 24 July 2024 through 27 July 2024

ER -

Phantom braking in automated vehicles: A theoretical outline and cycling simulator demonstration

Abstract

Conference

Funding

Keywords

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Research output

Cycling in the Age of Automation: Enhancing Cyclist Interaction with Automated Vehicles through Human-Machine Interfaces

Datasets

Supplementary data for the paper 'Phantom braking in automated vehicles: A theoretical outline and cycling simulator demonstration'

Cite this