Rheology and settling processes of mud for defining critical limits for navigability in the Port of Felixstowe

The UK’s largest container port at Felixstowe, faces significant sedimentation challenges, with approximately 2.4 million m³ of sediment requiring management annually [1]. To optimize maintenance strategies and enhance navigability, Harwich Haven Authority is exploring the implementation of PIANC’s nautical bottom concept [2], which relies on understanding the rheological and settling behaviour of muddy bed in the port.

This study examines the shear strength (yield stress) evolution of soft mud layers by investigating their physical properties (e.g., density, organic matter, salinity, etc.), rheological behaviour such as yield stresses and thixotropy, and how these properties develop over time. By linking these temporal changes due to sediment settling and consolidation processes, the research aims to identify critical thresholds for navigability.