Abstract
Physicist have been entertaining the idea of a quantum computer for quite a while. The theoretical foundations of this idea are well understood and it is clear that certain calculations can be performed significantly faster compared to the classical computer. Consequently, research in quantum computation is seen as a promising and valuable endeavor. The fundamental building block of a quantumcomputer is the qubit. A qubit represents the basic unit of information, which is encoded in the states of a quantum mechanical object. Qubits can be realized through diverse implementations, for example, by utilizing the spin states of an an electron (up or down), the polarization of a single photon (horizontally of vertically), the orbital states of an electron orbiting an atom (ground or excited orbital state). While there is a wide range of qubit types that allowone to encode and manipulate information, not all of themscale easily. Ideally, qubits are operated with lowerror rates,while also allowing one to increase the qubit count without excessive overhead. However, determining which qubit types possess these qualities remains an active and central area of research. In this work, the spin of a single electron is used as the unit of information of a quantum computer. We accurately control the state of single electrons by confining them in quantum dots on a silicon chip...
Original language | English |
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Qualification | Doctor of Philosophy |
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Award date | 23 Jun 2023 |
Print ISBNs | 978-90-833330-5-2 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2023 |