TY - JOUR
T1 - The ultimate performance of the Rasnik 3-point alignment system
AU - van der Graaf, Harry
AU - Bertolini, Alessandro
AU - van Heijningen, Joris
AU - Bouwens, Bram
AU - de Gaay Fortman, Nelson
AU - van der Reep, Tom
AU - Otemann, Lennart
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - The Rasnik system is a 3-point optical displacement monitor with sub-nanometer precision. The CCD-Rasnik alignment system was developed in 1993 for monitoring the alignment of the muon chambers of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer at CERN. Since then, the development has continued as new CMOS imaging pixel chips became available. In this work the system processes and parameters that limit the precision are studied. We conclude that the spatial resolution of Rasnik is only limited by the quantum fluctuations of the photon flux arriving at the pixels of the image sensor. The results of two Rasnik systems are compared to results from simulations, which are in good agreement. The best spatial resolution obtained was 7 pm/Hz. Finally, some applications of high-precision Rasnik systems are set out.
AB - The Rasnik system is a 3-point optical displacement monitor with sub-nanometer precision. The CCD-Rasnik alignment system was developed in 1993 for monitoring the alignment of the muon chambers of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer at CERN. Since then, the development has continued as new CMOS imaging pixel chips became available. In this work the system processes and parameters that limit the precision are studied. We conclude that the spatial resolution of Rasnik is only limited by the quantum fluctuations of the photon flux arriving at the pixels of the image sensor. The results of two Rasnik systems are compared to results from simulations, which are in good agreement. The best spatial resolution obtained was 7 pm/Hz. Finally, some applications of high-precision Rasnik systems are set out.
KW - 2D displacement monitoring
KW - Detection of gravitational waves
KW - Detector alignment and calibration methods
KW - Image processing
KW - Interferometry
KW - Length sensing and monitoring
KW - Quantum fluctuations
KW - Seismic sensors
KW - Shot noise
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85149438342&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.nima.2023.168160
DO - 10.1016/j.nima.2023.168160
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85149438342
SN - 0168-9002
VL - 1050
JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
M1 - 168160
ER -