The ultimate performance of the Rasnik 3-point alignment system

Harry van der Graaf; Alessandro Bertolini; Joris van Heijningen; Bram Bouwens; Nelson de Gaay Fortman; Tom van der Reep; Lennart Otemann

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2023.168160

The ultimate performance of the Rasnik 3-point alignment system

Harry van der Graaf^*, Alessandro Bertolini, Joris van Heijningen, Bram Bouwens, Nelson de Gaay Fortman, Tom van der Reep, Lennart Otemann

^*Corresponding author for this work

ImPhys/Hoogenboom group

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Abstract

The Rasnik system is a 3-point optical displacement monitor with sub-nanometer precision. The CCD-Rasnik alignment system was developed in 1993 for monitoring the alignment of the muon chambers of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer at CERN. Since then, the development has continued as new CMOS imaging pixel chips became available. In this work the system processes and parameters that limit the precision are studied. We conclude that the spatial resolution of Rasnik is only limited by the quantum fluctuations of the photon flux arriving at the pixels of the image sensor. The results of two Rasnik systems are compared to results from simulations, which are in good agreement. The best spatial resolution obtained was 7 pm/Hz. Finally, some applications of high-precision Rasnik systems are set out.

Original language	English
Article number	168160
Number of pages	13
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Volume	1050
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2023.168160
Publication status	Published - 2023

Keywords

2D displacement monitoring
Detection of gravitational waves
Detector alignment and calibration methods
Image processing
Interferometry
Length sensing and monitoring
Quantum fluctuations
Seismic sensors
Shot noise

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10.1016/j.nima.2023.168160

1-s2.0-S016890022300150X-mainFinal published version, 3.68 MBLicence: CC BY

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van der Graaf, H., Bertolini, A., van Heijningen, J., Bouwens, B., de Gaay Fortman, N., van der Reep, T., & Otemann, L. (2023). The ultimate performance of the Rasnik 3-point alignment system. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 1050, Article 168160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2023.168160

@article{ed93d2c31c0e489986bf78fbe693ef20,

title = "The ultimate performance of the Rasnik 3-point alignment system",

abstract = "The Rasnik system is a 3-point optical displacement monitor with sub-nanometer precision. The CCD-Rasnik alignment system was developed in 1993 for monitoring the alignment of the muon chambers of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer at CERN. Since then, the development has continued as new CMOS imaging pixel chips became available. In this work the system processes and parameters that limit the precision are studied. We conclude that the spatial resolution of Rasnik is only limited by the quantum fluctuations of the photon flux arriving at the pixels of the image sensor. The results of two Rasnik systems are compared to results from simulations, which are in good agreement. The best spatial resolution obtained was 7 pm/Hz. Finally, some applications of high-precision Rasnik systems are set out.",

keywords = "2D displacement monitoring, Detection of gravitational waves, Detector alignment and calibration methods, Image processing, Interferometry, Length sensing and monitoring, Quantum fluctuations, Seismic sensors, Shot noise",

author = "{van der Graaf}, Harry and Alessandro Bertolini and {van Heijningen}, Joris and Bram Bouwens and {de Gaay Fortman}, Nelson and {van der Reep}, Tom and Lennart Otemann",

year = "2023",

doi = "10.1016/j.nima.2023.168160",

language = "English",

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journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",

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van der Graaf, H, Bertolini, A, van Heijningen, J, Bouwens, B, de Gaay Fortman, N, van der Reep, T & Otemann, L 2023, 'The ultimate performance of the Rasnik 3-point alignment system', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 1050, 168160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2023.168160

The ultimate performance of the Rasnik 3-point alignment system. / van der Graaf, Harry; Bertolini, Alessandro; van Heijningen, Joris et al.
In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 1050, 168160, 2023.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

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T1 - The ultimate performance of the Rasnik 3-point alignment system

AU - van der Graaf, Harry

AU - Bertolini, Alessandro

AU - van Heijningen, Joris

AU - Bouwens, Bram

AU - de Gaay Fortman, Nelson

AU - van der Reep, Tom

AU - Otemann, Lennart

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - The Rasnik system is a 3-point optical displacement monitor with sub-nanometer precision. The CCD-Rasnik alignment system was developed in 1993 for monitoring the alignment of the muon chambers of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer at CERN. Since then, the development has continued as new CMOS imaging pixel chips became available. In this work the system processes and parameters that limit the precision are studied. We conclude that the spatial resolution of Rasnik is only limited by the quantum fluctuations of the photon flux arriving at the pixels of the image sensor. The results of two Rasnik systems are compared to results from simulations, which are in good agreement. The best spatial resolution obtained was 7 pm/Hz. Finally, some applications of high-precision Rasnik systems are set out.

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KW - 2D displacement monitoring

KW - Detection of gravitational waves

KW - Detector alignment and calibration methods

KW - Image processing

KW - Interferometry

KW - Length sensing and monitoring

KW - Quantum fluctuations

KW - Seismic sensors

KW - Shot noise

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M1 - 168160

ER -

The ultimate performance of the Rasnik 3-point alignment system

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