TiEMPO: Open-source time-dependent end-To-end model for simulating ground-based submillimeter astronomical observations

Esmee Huijten; Yannick Roelvink; Stefanie A. Brackenhoff; Tom J.L.C. Bakx; Stan Zaalberg; Jochem J.A. Baselmans; Kenichi Karatsu; Maarten Van Hoven; Akira Endo; null More Authors

doi:10.1117/12.2561014

TiEMPO: Open-source time-dependent end-To-end model for simulating ground-based submillimeter astronomical observations

Esmee Huijten, Yannick Roelvink, Stefanie A. Brackenhoff, Tom J.L.C. Bakx, Stan Zaalberg, Jochem J.A. Baselmans, Kenichi Karatsu, Maarten Van Hoven, Akira Endo^*, More Authors

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceedings/Edited volume › Conference contribution › Scientific › peer-review

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Abstract

The next technological breakthrough in millimeter-submillimeter astronomy is 3D imaging spectrometry with wide instantaneous spectral bandwidths and wide fields of view. The total optimization of the focal-plane instrument, the telescope, the observing strategy, and the signal-processing software must enable efficient removal of foreground emission from the Earth's atmosphere, which is time-dependent and highly nonlinear in frequency. Here we present TiEMPO: Time-dependent End-To-end Model for Post-process Optimization of the DESHIMA spectrometer. TiEMPO utilizes a dynamical model of the atmosphere and parametrized models of the astronomical source, the telescope, the instrument, and the detector. The output of TiEMPO is a timestream of sky brightness temperature and detected power, which can be analyzed by standard signal-processing software. We first compare TiEMPO simulations with an on-sky measurement by the wideband DESHIMA spectrometer, and find good agreement in the noise power spectral density and sensitivity. We then use TiEMPO to simulate the detection of the line emission spectrum of a high-redshift galaxy using the DESHIMA 2.0 spectrometer in development. The TiEMPO model is open source. Its modular and parametrized design enables users to adapt it to design and optimize the end-To-end performance of spectroscopic and photometric instruments on existing and future telescopes.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X
Editors	Jonas Zmuidzinas, Jian-Rong Gao
Publisher	SPIE
ISBN (Electronic)	9781510636934
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2561014
Publication status	Published - 2020
Event	Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X 2020 - Virtual, Online, United States Duration: 14 Dec 2020 → 22 Dec 2020

Publication series

Name	Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Volume	11453
ISSN (Print)	0277-786X
ISSN (Electronic)	1996-756X

Conference

Conference	Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X 2020
Country/Territory	United States
City	Virtual, Online
Period	14/12/20 → 22/12/20

Bibliographical note

Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care
Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.

Keywords

Astronomical Instrumentation
DESHIMA
Kinetic Inductance Detectors
Millimeter-wave
Simulation
Spectrometer
Submillimeter-wave

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10.1117/12.2561014

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Huijten, E., Roelvink, Y., Brackenhoff, S. A., Bakx, T. J. L. C., Zaalberg, S., Baselmans, J. J. A., Karatsu, K., Van Hoven, M., Endo, A., & More Authors (2020). TiEMPO: Open-source time-dependent end-To-end model for simulating ground-based submillimeter astronomical observations. In J. Zmuidzinas, & J.-R. Gao (Eds.), Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X Article 114533C (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering; Vol. 11453). SPIE. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2561014

Huijten, Esmee ; Roelvink, Yannick ; Brackenhoff, Stefanie A. et al. / TiEMPO : Open-source time-dependent end-To-end model for simulating ground-based submillimeter astronomical observations. Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X. editor / Jonas Zmuidzinas ; Jian-Rong Gao. SPIE, 2020. (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering).

@inproceedings{dbd08f81a05340d6a68267815e9ea31d,

title = "TiEMPO: Open-source time-dependent end-To-end model for simulating ground-based submillimeter astronomical observations",

abstract = "The next technological breakthrough in millimeter-submillimeter astronomy is 3D imaging spectrometry with wide instantaneous spectral bandwidths and wide fields of view. The total optimization of the focal-plane instrument, the telescope, the observing strategy, and the signal-processing software must enable efficient removal of foreground emission from the Earth's atmosphere, which is time-dependent and highly nonlinear in frequency. Here we present TiEMPO: Time-dependent End-To-end Model for Post-process Optimization of the DESHIMA spectrometer. TiEMPO utilizes a dynamical model of the atmosphere and parametrized models of the astronomical source, the telescope, the instrument, and the detector. The output of TiEMPO is a timestream of sky brightness temperature and detected power, which can be analyzed by standard signal-processing software. We first compare TiEMPO simulations with an on-sky measurement by the wideband DESHIMA spectrometer, and find good agreement in the noise power spectral density and sensitivity. We then use TiEMPO to simulate the detection of the line emission spectrum of a high-redshift galaxy using the DESHIMA 2.0 spectrometer in development. The TiEMPO model is open source. Its modular and parametrized design enables users to adapt it to design and optimize the end-To-end performance of spectroscopic and photometric instruments on existing and future telescopes. ",

keywords = "Astronomical Instrumentation, DESHIMA, Kinetic Inductance Detectors, Millimeter-wave, Simulation, Spectrometer, Submillimeter-wave",

author = "Esmee Huijten and Yannick Roelvink and Brackenhoff, {Stefanie A.} and Bakx, {Tom J.L.C.} and Stan Zaalberg and Baselmans, {Jochem J.A.} and Kenichi Karatsu and {Van Hoven}, Maarten and Akira Endo and {More Authors}",

note = "Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository {\textquoteleft}You share, we take care!{\textquoteright} – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public. ; Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X 2020 ; Conference date: 14-12-2020 Through 22-12-2020",

year = "2020",

doi = "10.1117/12.2561014",

language = "English",

series = "Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering",

publisher = "SPIE",

editor = "Jonas Zmuidzinas and Jian-Rong Gao",

booktitle = "Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X",

address = "United States",

}

Huijten, E, Roelvink, Y, Brackenhoff, SA, Bakx, TJLC, Zaalberg, S, Baselmans, JJA , Karatsu, K , Van Hoven, M , Endo, A & More Authors 2020, TiEMPO: Open-source time-dependent end-To-end model for simulating ground-based submillimeter astronomical observations. in J Zmuidzinas & J-R Gao (eds), Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X., 114533C, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 11453, SPIE, Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X 2020, Virtual, Online, United States, 14/12/20. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2561014

TiEMPO: Open-source time-dependent end-To-end model for simulating ground-based submillimeter astronomical observations. / Huijten, Esmee; Roelvink, Yannick; Brackenhoff, Stefanie A. et al.
Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X. ed. / Jonas Zmuidzinas; Jian-Rong Gao. SPIE, 2020. 114533C (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering; Vol. 11453).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceedings/Edited volume › Conference contribution › Scientific › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - TiEMPO

T2 - Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X 2020

AU - Huijten, Esmee

AU - Roelvink, Yannick

AU - Brackenhoff, Stefanie A.

AU - Bakx, Tom J.L.C.

AU - Zaalberg, Stan

AU - Baselmans, Jochem J.A.

AU - Karatsu, Kenichi

AU - Van Hoven, Maarten

AU - Endo, Akira

AU - More Authors, null

N1 - Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - The next technological breakthrough in millimeter-submillimeter astronomy is 3D imaging spectrometry with wide instantaneous spectral bandwidths and wide fields of view. The total optimization of the focal-plane instrument, the telescope, the observing strategy, and the signal-processing software must enable efficient removal of foreground emission from the Earth's atmosphere, which is time-dependent and highly nonlinear in frequency. Here we present TiEMPO: Time-dependent End-To-end Model for Post-process Optimization of the DESHIMA spectrometer. TiEMPO utilizes a dynamical model of the atmosphere and parametrized models of the astronomical source, the telescope, the instrument, and the detector. The output of TiEMPO is a timestream of sky brightness temperature and detected power, which can be analyzed by standard signal-processing software. We first compare TiEMPO simulations with an on-sky measurement by the wideband DESHIMA spectrometer, and find good agreement in the noise power spectral density and sensitivity. We then use TiEMPO to simulate the detection of the line emission spectrum of a high-redshift galaxy using the DESHIMA 2.0 spectrometer in development. The TiEMPO model is open source. Its modular and parametrized design enables users to adapt it to design and optimize the end-To-end performance of spectroscopic and photometric instruments on existing and future telescopes.

AB - The next technological breakthrough in millimeter-submillimeter astronomy is 3D imaging spectrometry with wide instantaneous spectral bandwidths and wide fields of view. The total optimization of the focal-plane instrument, the telescope, the observing strategy, and the signal-processing software must enable efficient removal of foreground emission from the Earth's atmosphere, which is time-dependent and highly nonlinear in frequency. Here we present TiEMPO: Time-dependent End-To-end Model for Post-process Optimization of the DESHIMA spectrometer. TiEMPO utilizes a dynamical model of the atmosphere and parametrized models of the astronomical source, the telescope, the instrument, and the detector. The output of TiEMPO is a timestream of sky brightness temperature and detected power, which can be analyzed by standard signal-processing software. We first compare TiEMPO simulations with an on-sky measurement by the wideband DESHIMA spectrometer, and find good agreement in the noise power spectral density and sensitivity. We then use TiEMPO to simulate the detection of the line emission spectrum of a high-redshift galaxy using the DESHIMA 2.0 spectrometer in development. The TiEMPO model is open source. Its modular and parametrized design enables users to adapt it to design and optimize the end-To-end performance of spectroscopic and photometric instruments on existing and future telescopes.

KW - Astronomical Instrumentation

KW - DESHIMA

KW - Kinetic Inductance Detectors

KW - Millimeter-wave

KW - Simulation

KW - Spectrometer

KW - Submillimeter-wave

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85100041659&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1117/12.2561014

DO - 10.1117/12.2561014

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:85100041659

T3 - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

BT - Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X

A2 - Zmuidzinas, Jonas

A2 - Gao, Jian-Rong

PB - SPIE

Y2 - 14 December 2020 through 22 December 2020

ER -

Huijten E, Roelvink Y, Brackenhoff SA, Bakx TJLC, Zaalberg S, Baselmans JJA et al. TiEMPO: Open-source time-dependent end-To-end model for simulating ground-based submillimeter astronomical observations. In Zmuidzinas J, Gao JR, editors, Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X. SPIE. 2020. 114533C. (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering). doi: 10.1117/12.2561014

TiEMPO: Open-source time-dependent end-To-end model for simulating ground-based submillimeter astronomical observations

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