TY - JOUR
T1 - Prioritization of micropollutants based on removal effort in drinking water purification treatment
AU - Pronk, Tessa E.
AU - Fischer, Astrid
AU - van den Berg, Annemijne E.T.
AU - Hofman, Roberta C.H.M.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - A main focus of water managers with regard to micropollutants is the protection of aquatic ecology. However, micropollutants also have the potential to affect the production of clean drinking water. In this paper, we propose to consider the removal effort when assessing micro-pollutants with an ‘Effort Index’ (EI). Assessments using the EI show which micropollutants need more extensive monitoring or abatement because of their difficulty to be removed using low-effort water purification treatment techniques. For water containing mixtures of micro-pollutants, the averaged EI values can indicate overall water quality. Data on the removal by different purification treatment techniques are not necessarily available for all micropollutants. Therefore, a set of data-driven indicative removal rules is derived to quantify the relation between micropollutant properties and different drinking water treatment techniques. The indicative removal rules provide a rough indication of removability. As an illustration, the water quality of the river Rhine is evaluated between 2000 and 2018. The EI value shows that the Rhine contains increasingly more difficult-to-remove micropollutants. In total, 18 of those are labeled as particularly difficult-to-remove chemicals. These micropollutants are suggested as candidates for abatement to lower the required effort in drinking water production.
AB - A main focus of water managers with regard to micropollutants is the protection of aquatic ecology. However, micropollutants also have the potential to affect the production of clean drinking water. In this paper, we propose to consider the removal effort when assessing micro-pollutants with an ‘Effort Index’ (EI). Assessments using the EI show which micropollutants need more extensive monitoring or abatement because of their difficulty to be removed using low-effort water purification treatment techniques. For water containing mixtures of micro-pollutants, the averaged EI values can indicate overall water quality. Data on the removal by different purification treatment techniques are not necessarily available for all micropollutants. Therefore, a set of data-driven indicative removal rules is derived to quantify the relation between micropollutant properties and different drinking water treatment techniques. The indicative removal rules provide a rough indication of removability. As an illustration, the water quality of the river Rhine is evaluated between 2000 and 2018. The EI value shows that the Rhine contains increasingly more difficult-to-remove micropollutants. In total, 18 of those are labeled as particularly difficult-to-remove chemicals. These micropollutants are suggested as candidates for abatement to lower the required effort in drinking water production.
KW - micropollutants
KW - model
KW - prioritization
KW - purification treatment
KW - removal
KW - water quality
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85170085810&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2166/wqrj.2023.032
DO - 10.2166/wqrj.2023.032
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85170085810
SN - 2709-8044
VL - 58
SP - 184
EP - 198
JO - Water Quality Research Journal
JF - Water Quality Research Journal
IS - 3
ER -