Optimizing freeform lenses for extended sources with algorithmic differentiable ray tracing and truncated hierarchical B-splines

Alexander Heemels*, Bart De Koning, Matthias Möller, Aurèle Adam

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

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Abstract

We propose a method for optimizing the geometry of a freeform lens to redirect the light emitted from an extended source into a desired irradiance distribution. We utilize a gradient-based optimization approach with MITSUBA 3, an algorithmic differentiable non-sequential ray tracer that allows us to obtain the gradients of the freeform surface parameters with respect to the produced irradiance distribution. To prevent the optimizer from getting trapped in local minima, we gradually increase the number of degrees of freedom of the surface by using Truncated Hierarchical B-splines (THB-splines) during optimization. The refinement locations are determined by analyzing the gradients of the surface vertices. We first design a freeform using a collimated beam (zero-etendue source) for a complex target distribution to demonstrate the method’s effectiveness. Then, we demonstrate the ability of this approach to create a freeform that can project the light of an extended Lambertian source into a prescribed target distribution.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)9730-9746
Number of pages17
JournalOptics Express
Volume32
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2024

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