TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment through high-fidelity simulations of a low-fidelity noise prediction tool for a vertical-axis wind turbine
AU - Brandetti, L.
AU - Avallone, F.
AU - De Tavernier, D.
AU - LeBlanc, B.P.
AU - Ferreira, Carlos
AU - Casalino, D.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Vertical-axis wind turbines have the potential to be installed nearby urban areas, where noise regulations are a constraint. Accurate modelling of the far-field noise with low-order fidelity methods is essential to account for noise early in the design phase. The challenge for the vertical-axis wind turbine is the unsteady azimuthal variation of the flow over the blades, which makes the prediction of the far-field noise complex with low-fidelity methods. In this paper, the state-of-the-art of low-fidelity methods are assessed against scale-resolving high-fidelity numerical simulations of a realistic vertical-axis wind turbine carried out with the lattice-Boltzmann very large eddy simulations method. High-fidelity numerical data are validated against experimental aerodynamics data of the same vertical-axis wind turbine. The low-fidelity method is based on the actuator cylinder model coupled with semi-empirical models for airfoil-self noise and turbulence-interaction noise. Results show a good agreement between the high-fidelity simulations and the low-fidelity model at low frequencies (i.e. between 2 × 10
1 Hz and 1 × 10
2 Hz), where turbulence-interaction noise is the dominant noise source. At higher frequencies, the airfoil-self noise dominates and existing methods, based on steady airfoils, do not correctly predict noise. This paper shows that the presented low-fidelity model predicts the aerodynamics and the aeroacoustics of the turbine with an acceptable accuracy for a design stage. However, improvements are needed to better predict the far-field noise for blades in an unsteady field.
AB - Vertical-axis wind turbines have the potential to be installed nearby urban areas, where noise regulations are a constraint. Accurate modelling of the far-field noise with low-order fidelity methods is essential to account for noise early in the design phase. The challenge for the vertical-axis wind turbine is the unsteady azimuthal variation of the flow over the blades, which makes the prediction of the far-field noise complex with low-fidelity methods. In this paper, the state-of-the-art of low-fidelity methods are assessed against scale-resolving high-fidelity numerical simulations of a realistic vertical-axis wind turbine carried out with the lattice-Boltzmann very large eddy simulations method. High-fidelity numerical data are validated against experimental aerodynamics data of the same vertical-axis wind turbine. The low-fidelity method is based on the actuator cylinder model coupled with semi-empirical models for airfoil-self noise and turbulence-interaction noise. Results show a good agreement between the high-fidelity simulations and the low-fidelity model at low frequencies (i.e. between 2 × 10
1 Hz and 1 × 10
2 Hz), where turbulence-interaction noise is the dominant noise source. At higher frequencies, the airfoil-self noise dominates and existing methods, based on steady airfoils, do not correctly predict noise. This paper shows that the presented low-fidelity model predicts the aerodynamics and the aeroacoustics of the turbine with an acceptable accuracy for a design stage. However, improvements are needed to better predict the far-field noise for blades in an unsteady field.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144407903&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jsv.2022.117486
DO - 10.1016/j.jsv.2022.117486
M3 - Article
SN - 0022-460X
VL - 547
JO - Journal of Sound and Vibration
JF - Journal of Sound and Vibration
IS - 117486
M1 - 117486
ER -