TY - JOUR
T1 - Demystifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms relevant to wastewater treatment
T2 - A review of their phylogeny, metabolism, and detection
AU - Ruiz-Haddad, Lucia
AU - Ali, Muhammad
AU - Pronk, Mario
AU - van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M.
AU - Saikaly, Pascal E.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Currently, the most cost-effective and efficient method for phosphorus (P) removal from wastewater is enhanced biological P removal (EPBR) via polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs). This study integrates a literature review with genomic analysis to uncover the phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of the relevant PAOs for wastewater treatment. The findings highlight significant differences in the metabolic capabilities of PAOs relevant to wastewater treatment. Notably, Candidatus Dechloromonas and Candidatus Accumulibacter can synthesize polyhydroxyalkanoates, possess specific enzymes for ATP production from polyphosphate, and have electrochemical transporters for acetate and C4-dicarboxylates. In contrast, Tetrasphaera, Candidatus Phosphoribacter, Knoellia, and Phycicoccus possess PolyP-glucokinase and electrochemical transporters for sugars/amino acids. Additionally, this review explores various detection methods for polyphosphate and PAOs in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. Notably, FISH-Raman spectroscopy emerges as one of the most advanced detection techniques. Overall, this review provides critical insights into PAO research, underscoring the need for enhanced strategies in biological phosphorus removal.
AB - Currently, the most cost-effective and efficient method for phosphorus (P) removal from wastewater is enhanced biological P removal (EPBR) via polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs). This study integrates a literature review with genomic analysis to uncover the phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of the relevant PAOs for wastewater treatment. The findings highlight significant differences in the metabolic capabilities of PAOs relevant to wastewater treatment. Notably, Candidatus Dechloromonas and Candidatus Accumulibacter can synthesize polyhydroxyalkanoates, possess specific enzymes for ATP production from polyphosphate, and have electrochemical transporters for acetate and C4-dicarboxylates. In contrast, Tetrasphaera, Candidatus Phosphoribacter, Knoellia, and Phycicoccus possess PolyP-glucokinase and electrochemical transporters for sugars/amino acids. Additionally, this review explores various detection methods for polyphosphate and PAOs in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. Notably, FISH-Raman spectroscopy emerges as one of the most advanced detection techniques. Overall, this review provides critical insights into PAO research, underscoring the need for enhanced strategies in biological phosphorus removal.
KW - Ca. accumulibacter
KW - Ca. phosphoribacter
KW - Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR)
KW - Knoellia
KW - Phycicoccus
KW - Polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs)
KW - Tetrasphaera
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85185155560&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100387
DO - 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100387
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85185155560
SN - 2666-4984
VL - 21
JO - Environmental Science and Ecotechnology
JF - Environmental Science and Ecotechnology
M1 - 100387
ER -