Drivers and barriers for bio-based plastics in durable products

Bio-based plastics are gaining attention as a sustainable, circular alternative to the current, petrochemical-based plastics. The main application of bio-based plastics is in single-use packaging with short lifetimes. Extending the application of bio-based plastics products towards durable consumer products requires the involvement of different value chain actors. An online interactive workshop, with 46 participants representing the entire value chain, produced a list of drivers for using bio-based plastics in durable consumer goods and barriers to overcome. The primary barriers to using bio-based plastics in durable products were related to their underdeveloped value chain and a need for more knowledge. The underdeveloped value chain was associated with high costs and no infrastructure for recovery at end-of-life, reducing potential environmental benefits. Participants indicated that they did not expect the value chain to mature without substantial government stimulations. Participants also noted a lack of knowledge among value chain actors as well as end-users. Value chain actors expressed that they need more clarity about what bio-based plastics are available and how they can be used in a sustainable way. While the market demand for sustainable alternatives is growing and bio-based plastics are a valuable marketing tool, users are poorly informed, and marketing should be thoughtful to avoid greenwashing.