Over-the-Air Characterization Techniques for Antenna-Coupled Direct-Detectors at Terahertz Frequencies

M. Hoogelander; M. Alonso Del Pino; N. Llombart; M. Spirito

doi:10.1109/IMS37964.2023.10187910

Over-the-Air Characterization Techniques for Antenna-Coupled Direct-Detectors at Terahertz Frequencies

M. Hoogelander^*, M. Alonso Del Pino, N. Llombart, M. Spirito

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceedings/Edited volume › Conference contribution › Scientific › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

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Abstract

The continuous advancements in the coverage and sensitivity of terahertz direct-detector imagers places increasing constraints on the test benches needed for characterization. Already, relative differences on the order of a few decibels are observed between simulated and measured performance in the state-of-the-art literature. This contribution elaborates on our experimental strategies to maximize the characterization accuracy and precision of terahertz direct-detection imagers using a broadband, over-the-air measurement procedure. As a demonstration, four elements within a dense detector array were characterized in the WR2.2 band. By optimizing the modulation frequency in the setup for minimal impact of low-frequency noise and interference, a measurement dynamic range up to 30 dB was achieved, including the path loss over 20 cm. The hardware-to-model agreement of the characterized array is below 1 dB between 325 and 450 GHz.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, IMS 2023
Place of Publication	Danvers
Publisher	IEEE
Pages	919-922
Number of pages	4
ISBN (Electronic)	979-8-3503-4764-7
ISBN (Print)	979-8-3503-4765-4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/IMS37964.2023.10187910
Publication status	Published - 2023
Event	2023 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, IMS 2023 - San Diego, United States Duration: 11 Jun 2023 → 16 Jun 2023

Publication series

Name	IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest
Volume	2023-June
ISSN (Print)	0149-645X

Conference

Conference	2023 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, IMS 2023
Country/Territory	United States
City	San Diego
Period	11/06/23 → 16/06/23

Bibliographical note

Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care
Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.

Keywords

antenna array
antenna measurement
direct-detection
modulation
over-the-air measurement
Terahertz imaging
wideband measurement

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10.1109/IMS37964.2023.10187910

Over-the-Air_Characterization_Techniques_for_Antenna-Coupled_Direct-Detectors_at_Terahertz_FrequenciesFinal published version, 1.8 MB

Cite this

Hoogelander, M., Alonso Del Pino, M., Llombart, N., & Spirito, M. (2023). Over-the-Air Characterization Techniques for Antenna-Coupled Direct-Detectors at Terahertz Frequencies. In Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, IMS 2023 (pp. 919-922). (IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest; Vol. 2023-June). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IMS37964.2023.10187910

@inproceedings{22c40cfe54f84a0ebfa8b18cb0280ee2,

title = "Over-the-Air Characterization Techniques for Antenna-Coupled Direct-Detectors at Terahertz Frequencies",

abstract = "The continuous advancements in the coverage and sensitivity of terahertz direct-detector imagers places increasing constraints on the test benches needed for characterization. Already, relative differences on the order of a few decibels are observed between simulated and measured performance in the state-of-the-art literature. This contribution elaborates on our experimental strategies to maximize the characterization accuracy and precision of terahertz direct-detection imagers using a broadband, over-the-air measurement procedure. As a demonstration, four elements within a dense detector array were characterized in the WR2.2 band. By optimizing the modulation frequency in the setup for minimal impact of low-frequency noise and interference, a measurement dynamic range up to 30 dB was achieved, including the path loss over 20 cm. The hardware-to-model agreement of the characterized array is below 1 dB between 325 and 450 GHz. ",

keywords = "antenna array, antenna measurement, direct-detection, modulation, over-the-air measurement, Terahertz imaging, wideband measurement",

author = "M. Hoogelander and {Alonso Del Pino}, M. and N. Llombart and M. Spirito",

note = "Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.; 2023 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, IMS 2023 ; Conference date: 11-06-2023 Through 16-06-2023",

year = "2023",

doi = "10.1109/IMS37964.2023.10187910",

language = "English",

isbn = "979-8-3503-4765-4",

series = "IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest",

publisher = "IEEE",

pages = "919--922",

booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, IMS 2023",

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Hoogelander, M , Alonso Del Pino, M , Llombart, N & Spirito, M 2023, Over-the-Air Characterization Techniques for Antenna-Coupled Direct-Detectors at Terahertz Frequencies. in Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, IMS 2023. IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, vol. 2023-June, IEEE, Danvers, pp. 919-922, 2023 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, IMS 2023, San Diego, United States, 11/06/23. https://doi.org/10.1109/IMS37964.2023.10187910

Over-the-Air Characterization Techniques for Antenna-Coupled Direct-Detectors at Terahertz Frequencies. / Hoogelander, M.; Alonso Del Pino, M.; Llombart, N. et al.
Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, IMS 2023. Danvers: IEEE, 2023. p. 919-922 (IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest; Vol. 2023-June).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceedings/Edited volume › Conference contribution › Scientific › peer-review

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AU - Spirito, M.

N1 - Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.

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N2 - The continuous advancements in the coverage and sensitivity of terahertz direct-detector imagers places increasing constraints on the test benches needed for characterization. Already, relative differences on the order of a few decibels are observed between simulated and measured performance in the state-of-the-art literature. This contribution elaborates on our experimental strategies to maximize the characterization accuracy and precision of terahertz direct-detection imagers using a broadband, over-the-air measurement procedure. As a demonstration, four elements within a dense detector array were characterized in the WR2.2 band. By optimizing the modulation frequency in the setup for minimal impact of low-frequency noise and interference, a measurement dynamic range up to 30 dB was achieved, including the path loss over 20 cm. The hardware-to-model agreement of the characterized array is below 1 dB between 325 and 450 GHz.

AB - The continuous advancements in the coverage and sensitivity of terahertz direct-detector imagers places increasing constraints on the test benches needed for characterization. Already, relative differences on the order of a few decibels are observed between simulated and measured performance in the state-of-the-art literature. This contribution elaborates on our experimental strategies to maximize the characterization accuracy and precision of terahertz direct-detection imagers using a broadband, over-the-air measurement procedure. As a demonstration, four elements within a dense detector array were characterized in the WR2.2 band. By optimizing the modulation frequency in the setup for minimal impact of low-frequency noise and interference, a measurement dynamic range up to 30 dB was achieved, including the path loss over 20 cm. The hardware-to-model agreement of the characterized array is below 1 dB between 325 and 450 GHz.

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BT - Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, IMS 2023

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ER -

Over-the-Air Characterization Techniques for Antenna-Coupled Direct-Detectors at Terahertz Frequencies

Abstract

Publication series

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Bibliographical note

Keywords

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