High-Power Digital Transmitters for Wireless Infrastructure Applications (A Feasibility Study)

Robert J. Bootsman; Dieuwert P.N. Mul; Yiyu Shen; Mohsen Hashemi; Rob M. Heeres; Fred van Rijs; Morteza S. Alavi; Leo C.N. de Vreede

doi:10.1109/TMTT.2022.3153000

High-Power Digital Transmitters for Wireless Infrastructure Applications (A Feasibility Study)

Robert J. Bootsman, Dieuwert P.N. Mul, Yiyu Shen, Mohsen Hashemi, Rob M. Heeres, Fred van Rijs, Morteza S. Alavi, Leo C.N. de Vreede

Electronics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)

102 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Fully digital transmitters (DTXs) have the potential of replacing analog-intensive transmitter (TX) line-ups in future massive multiple-input and multiple-output (mMIMO) systems since they hold the promise of higher system integration level and energy efficiency. DTX operation so far has been limited to low RF output powers. This article introduces a concept that enables high-power DTX operation. A DTX demonstrator targeting both high output power and high efficiency is realized as a proof of concept. It is based on a custom <formula> <tex>${V_{T}}$</tex> </formula> -shifted laterally-diffused MOS (LDMOS) technology, which is utilized to implement a segmented high-power output stage operated in class-BE. A low-voltage high-speed 40-nm CMOS controller drives the individual output stage segments at gigahertz rates. Measurements show the promising results for the proposed high-power DTX concept and provide valuable lessons for future DTX implementations.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2835-2850
Number of pages	16
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
Volume	70
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2022.3153000
Publication status	Published - 2022

Keywords

Class-E
CMOS
CMOS technology
digital predistortion (DPD)
digital transmitter (DTX)
efficient
GaN
high-power RF
laterally-diffused MOS (LDMOS)
Logic gates
mixing power digital-to-analog converter (DAC)
polar.
Power generation
Radio frequency
Switches
Threshold voltage
Transmitters

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1109/TMTT.2022.3153000

High-Power_Digital_Transmitters_for_Wireless_Infrastructure_Applications_A_Feasibility_StudyAccepted author manuscript, 5.87 MB

Cite this

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title = "High-Power Digital Transmitters for Wireless Infrastructure Applications (A Feasibility Study)",

abstract = "Fully digital transmitters (DTXs) have the potential of replacing analog-intensive transmitter (TX) line-ups in future massive multiple-input and multiple-output (mMIMO) systems since they hold the promise of higher system integration level and energy efficiency. DTX operation so far has been limited to low RF output powers. This article introduces a concept that enables high-power DTX operation. A DTX demonstrator targeting both high output power and high efficiency is realized as a proof of concept. It is based on a custom ${V_{T}}$ -shifted laterally-diffused MOS (LDMOS) technology, which is utilized to implement a segmented high-power output stage operated in class-BE. A low-voltage high-speed 40-nm CMOS controller drives the individual output stage segments at gigahertz rates. Measurements show the promising results for the proposed high-power DTX concept and provide valuable lessons for future DTX implementations.",

keywords = "Class-E, CMOS, CMOS technology, digital predistortion (DPD), digital transmitter (DTX), efficient, GaN, high-power RF, laterally-diffused MOS (LDMOS), Logic gates, mixing power digital-to-analog converter (DAC), polar., Power generation, Radio frequency, Switches, Threshold voltage, Transmitters",

author = "Bootsman, {Robert J.} and Mul, {Dieuwert P.N.} and Yiyu Shen and Mohsen Hashemi and Heeres, {Rob M.} and {van Rijs}, Fred and Alavi, {Morteza S.} and {de Vreede}, {Leo C.N.}",

year = "2022",

doi = "10.1109/TMTT.2022.3153000",

language = "English",

volume = "70",

pages = "2835--2850",

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issn = "0018-9480",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)",

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T1 - High-Power Digital Transmitters for Wireless Infrastructure Applications (A Feasibility Study)

AU - Bootsman, Robert J.

AU - Mul, Dieuwert P.N.

AU - Shen, Yiyu

AU - Hashemi, Mohsen

AU - Heeres, Rob M.

AU - van Rijs, Fred

AU - Alavi, Morteza S.

AU - de Vreede, Leo C.N.

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Fully digital transmitters (DTXs) have the potential of replacing analog-intensive transmitter (TX) line-ups in future massive multiple-input and multiple-output (mMIMO) systems since they hold the promise of higher system integration level and energy efficiency. DTX operation so far has been limited to low RF output powers. This article introduces a concept that enables high-power DTX operation. A DTX demonstrator targeting both high output power and high efficiency is realized as a proof of concept. It is based on a custom ${V_{T}}$ -shifted laterally-diffused MOS (LDMOS) technology, which is utilized to implement a segmented high-power output stage operated in class-BE. A low-voltage high-speed 40-nm CMOS controller drives the individual output stage segments at gigahertz rates. Measurements show the promising results for the proposed high-power DTX concept and provide valuable lessons for future DTX implementations.

AB - Fully digital transmitters (DTXs) have the potential of replacing analog-intensive transmitter (TX) line-ups in future massive multiple-input and multiple-output (mMIMO) systems since they hold the promise of higher system integration level and energy efficiency. DTX operation so far has been limited to low RF output powers. This article introduces a concept that enables high-power DTX operation. A DTX demonstrator targeting both high output power and high efficiency is realized as a proof of concept. It is based on a custom ${V_{T}}$ -shifted laterally-diffused MOS (LDMOS) technology, which is utilized to implement a segmented high-power output stage operated in class-BE. A low-voltage high-speed 40-nm CMOS controller drives the individual output stage segments at gigahertz rates. Measurements show the promising results for the proposed high-power DTX concept and provide valuable lessons for future DTX implementations.

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KW - CMOS

KW - CMOS technology

KW - digital predistortion (DPD)

KW - digital transmitter (DTX)

KW - efficient

KW - GaN

KW - high-power RF

KW - laterally-diffused MOS (LDMOS)

KW - Logic gates

KW - mixing power digital-to-analog converter (DAC)

KW - polar.

KW - Power generation

KW - Radio frequency

KW - Switches

KW - Threshold voltage

KW - Transmitters

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JO - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques

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ER -

High-Power Digital Transmitters for Wireless Infrastructure Applications (A Feasibility Study)

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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